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BCH 369 chapter 7 EXAM PREP WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
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BCH 369 chapter 7 EXAM PREP WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
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BCH 369 chapter 7 EXAM PREP WITHCOMPLETE SOLUTION
Kinetics - =The study of chemical reaction rates
v - =velocity (rate) of reaction
ES complex - =The noncovalent complex that forms between an enzyme and its substrate in the
first step of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
saturation - =The state in which all of a macromolecule's ligand-binding sites are occupied by
ligand.
unimolecular reaction - =A reaction involving one molecule
rate equation - =A mathematical expression for the time-dependent progress of a reaction as a
function of reactant concentration.
rate constant (k) - =The proportionality constant between the velocity of a chemical reaction
and the concentration(s) of the reactant(s).
First order reaction - =A reaction whose rate is proportional to the concentration of a single
reactant.
bimolecular reaction - =A reaction involving two molecules, which may be identical or different.
second-order reaction - =A reaction whose rate is proportional to the square of the
concentration of one reactant or to the product of the concentrations of two reactants.
, steady state - =A set of conditions under which the formation and degradation of individual
components are balanced such that the system does not change over time.
Michaelis constant (Km) - =For an enzyme that follows the michaelis-menton model, Km = (k-1
+K2)/k1; Km is equal to the substrate concentration at which the reaction velocity is half-
maximal.
V0 - =Initial velocity of an enzymatic reaction
Vmax - =Maximal velocity of an enzymatic reaction
Michaelis-Menten equation - =A mathematical expression that describes the activity of an
enzyme in terms of the substrate concentration ([S]), the enzyme's maximal velocity (Vmax),
and its michaelis constant (Km): Vo = Vmax [S]/(Km + [S]).
catalytic constant (Kcat) - =The ratio of the maximal velocity (Vmax) of an enzyme-catalyzed
reaction to the enzyme concentration. Also called a turnover number.
Turnover number - =see catalytic constant.
Kcat/Km - =The apparent second-order rate constant for an enzyme catalyzed reaction; it
indicates the enzymes overall catalytic efficiency.
diffusion controlled limit - =The theoretical maximum rate of an enzymatic reaction in solution,
about 10^8 to 10^9 M^-1 * s^-1
catalytic perfection - =A state achieved by an enzyme that operates at the diffusion-controlled
limit.
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