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Pediatric Health Assessment and Physical Examination Questions With Complete Solutions
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Pediatric Health Assessment and Physical Examination Questions With Complete Solutions
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Pediatric Health Assessment and PhysicalExamination Questions With Complete
Solutions
1093. Various children are being seen in the clinic for well-baby
checks. By what age should a nurse expect a child to begin to
use simple words to communicate needs?
1. Age 10-12 months
2. Age 1-2 years
3. Age 6-9 months
4. Age 2-3 years Correct Answers : 1
By age 10 to 12 months, a child is able to communicate simple
words, using four to six words by 15 months of age. By age 1 to
2 years the child communicates in more than simple words,
using about 50 words in two-word sentences. At 6 to 9 months,
the child is learning to make sounds. At 2 to 3 years, the child's
verbal language increases steadily, knowing full name, naming a
color, and holding up fingers to show age.
1094. A nurse in a clinic is assessing the weight of an infant.
Which infant's weight indicates to the nurse that the infant's
weight is normal for the infant's age?
1. The baby's weight has tripled in the first 6 months of life
2. The baby's weight has doubled in the first year of life
3. The baby's weight has doubled in the first 6 months of life
and tripled in the first year
4. The baby's weight has doubled in the first 6 months and
doubled again in the next 6 months Correct Answers : 3
,A baby's weight should double in the first 4 to 6 months of life
and triple by the end of the first year. The weight needs to more
than double the first year.
1095. A student explains to an instructor that the infant period is
categorized as the "oral phase" according to Freud's theory.
Which statements by the student suggest an understanding of
this phase? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY.
1. An infant sucks for nourishment as well as pleasure
2. An infant does not find pleasure in sucking but does find
enjoyment from the nourishment
3. An infant may have more pleasure in breastfeeding than bottle
feeding because it
expends more energy
4. An infant does not find pleasure in use of a pacifier
5. An infant explores the world through the mouth
6. An infant begins to explore the genital area to learn sexual
identity Correct Answers : 1, 3, 5
An infant has the desire to suck, which may actually build the
ego and self-esteem of an infant. There is more pleasure in
breastfeeding because it expends more energy and also provides
other comforting mechanisms, such as warmth. An infant
explores the world through the mouth, especially the tongue.
Freud believed the oral phase is important for both nutrition and
pleasure in the first year of life. An infant finds pleasure in
sucking on a pacifier, according to Freud. A preschooler learns
sexual identity through awareness of the genital area.
1096. An 8-month-old baby girl, who is developing
appropriately, is admitted to a pediatric unit for respiratory
syncytial virus (RSV). The baby is crying and being held by her
,mother. A nurse wants to provide appropriate care based on
Erikson's developmental stages. In which stage is this baby,
according to Erikson's theory?
1. Punishment versus obedience orientation
2. Oral stage
3. Initiative versus guilt
4. Trust versus mistrust Correct Answers : 4
Based on Erikson's stages of development, trust versus mistrust
is appropriate for a child under a year old. The child learns to
love and
be loved. Experiences that add to security include soft sounds,
touch, and visual stimulation for an active child. Punishment-
versus-obedience orientation is not a developmental stage.
Initiative versus guilt is a developmental task in the preschool
stage. The oral phase is based on Freud not Erikson.
1097. A nurse is caring for a 3-month-old infant. Based on the
developmental age of the child, which motor
skill should the nurse expect to see during an assessment?
1. Bangs objects held in hand
2. Begins to grab objects using a pincer grasp
3. Grabs objects using a palmar grasp
4. Looks and plays with own fingers Correct Answers : 4
Three-month-old babies can play with their own fingers. At 3
months, infants can reach for attractive objects in front of them,
but because their grasp is unpracticed, they usually miss them. A
2-month-old infant will hold an object for a few minutes. A 10-
month-old infant uses a pincer grasp. A 6-month-old infant uses
a palmar grasp.
, 1098. A 10-month-old child reaches the 9- to 12-month
developmental stage. Which nursing action is most
appropriate for providing tactile stimulation for this child?
1. Caress the child while diaper changing
2. Give the child a soft squeeze toy
3. Swaddle the child at nap time
4. Let the child squash and mash food while sitting in a high
chair Correct Answers : 4
The most appropriate action is to let the child squash and mash
food. At this age, an infant should be ready to touch and
manipulate food
and is capable of sitting up. Caressing a baby during diaper
change, giving a baby a soft toy, and swaddling a baby at nap
time are age-appropriate activities for providing tactile
stimulation for younger babies.
1099. A clinic nurse is meeting with a mother and her 3-year-old
son. The toddler is acting out, and the
mother asks the nurse what a good form of discipline would be
for her son. The nurse recommends a
"time-out" for the child. Which statement regarding a time-out is
most accurate?
1. The child should sit still for as many minutes as he
misbehaved
2. The child should sit still at a time-out for as many minutes as
his age in years
3. The child should be able to read a book during time-out
4. Children should not be expected to sit still until they are in
school Correct Answers : 2
A 3-year-old should be expected to have a time-out of 3
minutes. Three minutes may not seem long to an adult, but to a
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