Principles of Biomedical Science exam with complete solutions
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Course
Biomedical Science
Institution
Biomedical Science
Active Immunity
Immunity produced by the person's own immune system. This type of immunity can be brought about by a natural infection or by a vaccine. It is usually long lasting.
Adhesion
A sticking together of substances; the molecular attraction exerted between the surfaces of bodies in...
Principles of Biomedical Science exam
with complete solutions
Active Immunity - ANSWER- Immunity produced by the person's own immune
system. This type of immunity can be brought about by a natural infection or by a
vaccine. It is usually long lasting.
Adhesion - ANSWER- A sticking together of substances; the molecular attraction
exerted between the surfaces of bodies in contact.
Adenine - ANSWER- A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules
such as ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Agarose - ANSWER- A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis.
Allele - ANSWER- Alternative versions of a gene that produce distinguishable
phenotypic effects.
Alpha-globin - ANSWER- The poly-peptide chain of hemoglobin that is designated
as alpha.
Amino Acid - ANSWER- An organic molecule possessing both the carboxyl and
amino acid groups. Amino acids serve as the monomers of proteins.
Amino Group - ANSWER- A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom
bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
Amplification - ANSWER- A usually massive replication of genetic material and
especially of a gene or DNA sequence.
Angiography - ANSWER- The radiographic visualization of the blood vessels after
injection of a radiopaque substance in the form of an angiogram.
,Amylase - ANSWER- Any of a group of enzymes (as amylopsin) that catalyze the
hydrolysis of starch and glycogen or their intermediate hydrolysis products.
Anemia - ANSWER- A condition in which the blood is deficient of red blood cells,
in hemoglobin, or in total volume.
Antibiotic - ANSWER- Substance produced by or a semi-synthetic substance
derived from a microorganism and able in dilute solution to inhibit or kill another
microorganism.
Antibiotic Resistance - ANSWER- Resistance to one or more antibiotics, usually
due to additional genetic information.
Antibody - ANSWER- Any of a large number of proteins of high molecular weight
that are produced by specialized B cells after stimulation by an antigen and act
specifically against the antigen in an immune response, that are produced
abnormally by some cancer cells, and that typically consist of four subunits
including two heavy chains and two light chains
Antigen - ANSWER- Any substance foreign to the body that invokes an immune
response either alone or after forming a complex with a larger molecule (as a
protein) and that is capable of binding with a product (an antibody or a T cell) of
the immune response.
Antiseptic - ANSWER- A substance that inhibits the growth or action of
microorganisms especially in or on living tissue.
Antiviral drugs - ANSWER- Drugs that act, are effective, or are directed against
viruses.
Aorta - ANSWER- The large arterial trunk that carries blood from the heart to be
distributed by branch arteries through the body.
Aortic Valve - ANSWER- The semilunar valve that prevents blood from flowing
backward into the left ventricle.
Arrhythmia - ANSWER- An alteration in rhythm of the heartbeat either in time or
force.
Artery - ANSWER- Any of the tubular branching muscular and elastic walled
vessels that carry blood through the body.
, Atom - ANSWER- The smallest whole particle of an element that can exist alone
or in combination.
Atrium - ANSWER- A chamber of the heart that receives blood from the veins and
forces it into the ventricles as the heart pumps.
Autopsy - ANSWER- An examination of the body after death usually with
dissection as will expose the vital organs for determining the cause of death or
the character or extent of changes produced by disease- also called a necropsy,
postmortem examination.
Autosome - ANSWER- A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining
sex (gender), as opposed to the sex chromosomes (X or Y).
Bacillus - ANSWER- A cylindrical or rod- shaped bacterium.
Bacteria - ANSWER- A domain in the system of classification dividing all
organisms into three major domains of life that includes the prokaryotes.
Beta-globin - ANSWER- The polypeptide chain of hemoglobin that is designated
beta and that when deficient or defective causes various anemias (as beta -
thalassmia or sickle-cell anemia).
Bicuspid Valve - ANSWER- The valve in the heart that guards the opening
between the left atrium and left ventricle, preventing blood from back flowing into
the atrium.
Bioengineering - ANSWER- Biological or medical application of engineering
principles or engineering equipment.
Bioethics - ANSWER- The discipline dealing with the ethical implications of
biological research and applications especially in medicine.
Biomedical Science - ANSWER- The application of the principles of the natural
sciences, especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine.
Biopsy - ANSWER- The removal and examination of tissue, cells, or fluids from
the living body.
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