HESI/Saunders Module 7: Basic Care and Comfort exam with
100Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct |2024 Grade A+
The nurse is instructing a client with hypertension about foods that are low in
sodium. Which menu selections by the client indicate to the nurse that the client
understands what has been taught? Select all that apply.
a. Spaghetti with fresh tomatoes
b. Boiled lobster with baked potato
c. Grilled chicken with turnip greens
d. Instant hot cereal with bacon
e. Tomato soup with a ham sandwich - CORRECT ANSWERS a. Spaghetti with
fresh tomatoes
c. Grilled chicken with turnip greens
Rationale: Foods that are lower in sodium include fruits and vegetables, which do
not contain physiologic saline. Fresh poultry and pastas are also low in sodium.
Highly processed and refined foods and luncheon meats are high in sodium unless
they are specifically labeled "low sodium." Saltwater fish and shellfish are higher in
sodium.
A nurse has provided dietary instructions to a client with a new diagnosis of gout.
Which menu suggestions by the client indicate to the nurse that the client needs
additional instruction? Select all that apply.
a. Carrots
b. Tapioca
c. Scallops
d. Broccoli
e. Chicken liver - CORRECT ANSWERS c. Scallops
e. Chicken Liver
Rationale: Organ meats such as liver, as well as certain sea foods, including
scallops, sardines, and herring, should be omitted from the diet of the client who
with gout because of the high purine content. The foods identified in the other
options contain negligible amounts of purines and may be consumed freely by the
client with gout.
A clear liquid diet has been prescribed for client who has just undergone surgery.
Which foods should the nurse offer to the client? Select all that apply.
a. Custard
b. Apple juice
,HESI/Saunders Module 7: Basic Care and Comfort exam with
100Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct |2024 Grade A+
c. Orange juice
d. Chicken broth
e. Orange gelatin
f. Vanilla ice cream - CORRECT ANSWERS b. Apple juice
d. Chicken broth
e. Orange gelatin
Rationale: A clear liquid diet consists of foods, such as apple juice, chicken broth,
and gelatin, which are relatively transparent. Custard, orange juice, and vanilla ice
cream are components of a full liquid diet.
Triamterene has been prescribed for a client with a history of hypertension. Which
fruits should the nurse tell the client are acceptable to eat while taking this
medication? Select all that apply.
a. Prunes
b. Apples
c. Peaches
d. Avocados
e. Nectarines
f. Cranberries - CORRECT ANSWERS b. Apples
c. Peaches
f. Cranberries
Rationale: Triamterene is a potassium-retaining diuretic, so the client should avoid
foods high in potassium. Fruits that are naturally high in potassium include dried
prunes, avocado, bananas, fresh oranges and mangoes, nectarines, and papayas.
Diverticulitis has been diagnosed in a client who has been experiencing episodes of
gastrointestinal cramping. The nurse should tell the client to maintain which type of
diet, during the asymptomatic period?
a. Low in fat
b. High in fiber
c. Low in residue
d. High in carbohydrates - CORRECT ANSWERS b. High in fiber
,HESI/Saunders Module 7: Basic Care and Comfort exam with
100Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct |2024 Grade A+
Rationale: When a client's diverticulitis is asymptomatic, a soft high-fiber diet
containing fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is recommended. The client is also
instructed to consume a small amount of bran daily and to take bulk-forming
laxatives, if prescribed, to increase stool mass and softness. Increasing fluid intake
to 2500 to 3000 mL daily (unless contraindicated) is also important. A low-fat diet
may be healthy but is not specific to this disorder. A high-carbohydrate diet is not
helpful for the client with this condition.
A nurse is teaching a client with heart disease about a low-fat diet. Which foods
should the nurse tell the client are acceptable to eat? Select all that apply.
a. Avocados
b. Baked tuna
c. Green olives
d. Baked potato
e. Fresh cherries
f. Cream cheese - CORRECT ANSWERS b. Baked tuna
d. Baked potato
e. Fresh cherries
Rationale: Fruits and vegetables tend to be lower in fat because they do not come
from animal sources, although olives, though technically a fruit, are high in fat (as
are avocados), and fish is also naturally lower in fat. Meats and dairy products (e.g.,
cream cheese) are higher in fat, although modifications can be made to these foods
to reduce their fat content.
A client with atrial fibrillation has been placed on warfarin sodium. As part of the
instructions for the medication, which foods does the nurse tell the client are
acceptable to eat? Select all that apply.
a. Lettuce
b. Cherries Correct
c. Broccoli
d. Cabbage
e. Potatoes Correct
f. Spaghetti Correct - CORRECT ANSWERS b. Cherries
e. Potatoes
, HESI/Saunders Module 7: Basic Care and Comfort exam with
100Questions and Verified Answers | 100% Correct |2024 Grade A+
f. Spaghetti
Rationale: Anticoagulant medications work by antagonizing the action of vitamin K,
which is needed for clotting. When a client is taking an anticoagulant, foods high in
vitamin K are often omitted from the diet. Vitamin K is found in large amounts in
green leafy vegetables such as lettuce, broccoli, spinach, Brussels sprouts, cabbage,
and turnip greens. Cherries, potatoes, and spaghetti are foods that are low in
vitamin K.
A regular diet has been prescribed for a client with a leg fracture who has been
placed in skeletal traction. Which foods that will promote wound healing does the
nurse encourage the client to select from the hospital menu?
a. Spare ribs, rice, gelatin, tea
b. Pasta, garlic bread, ginger ale
c. Chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, milk
d. Peanut butter and jelly sandwich, chocolate cake, tea - CORRECT ANSWERS
c. Chicken breast, broccoli, strawberries, milk
Rationale: Protein and vitamin C are necessary for wound healing. Poultry and milk
are good sources of protein. Broccoli and strawberries are good sources of vitamin
C. Peanut butter is a source of niacin. Gelatin, jelly, tea, and ginger ale have no
nutritional value. Pasta, rice, and bread deliver complex carbohydrates. Spare ribs
may contain some protein but are high in fat.
A client who experienced a stroke (brain attack) is experiencing residual dysphagia.
Which foods should the nurse remove from the client's meal tray?
a. Peas
b. Scrambled eggs
c. Cheese casserole
d. Mashed potatoes - CORRECT ANSWERS a. Peas
Rationale: In general, flavorful, warm, or well-chilled foods with texture stimulate
the swallow reflex. Moist pastas, casseroles, egg dishes, and potatoes are usually
well tolerated. Raw vegetables, chunky vegetables such as diced beets, stringy
vegetables, and those with skin, such as corn and peas are foods commonly
excluded from the diet of a client with dysphagia.
A client recovering from acute kidney injury (AKI) is being discharged home. The
nurse determines that the client understands the therapeutic dietary regimen when
the client states that he will plan to eat foods that are low in which substance?
