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Test Bank Fundamentals of Nursing, 3rd Edition
By Barbara L Yoost Complete Guide
Chapter 1- 42
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Chapter 01: Nursing, Theory, and Professional Practice
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A group of nursing students are discussing the impact of nonnursing theories in clinical practice.
The students would be correct if they chose which theory to prioritize patient care?
a. Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory
b. Paul’s Critical-Thinking Theory
c. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
d. Rosenstock’s Health Belief Model
ANS: C
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs specifies the psychological and physiologic factors that affect each
person’s physical and mental health. The nurse’s understanding of these factors helps with
formulating Nursing diagnoses that address the patient’s needs and values to prioritize care.
Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory of Development and Socialization is based on individuals’
interacting and learning about their world. Nurses use concepts of developmentaltheory to
critically think in providing care for their patients at various stages of their lives.
Rosenstock (1974) developed the psychological Health Belief Model. The model addresses
possible reasons for why a patient may not comply with recommended health promotion
behaviors. This model is especially useful to nurses as they educate patients.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.5 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of CareNOT:
Concepts: Care Coordination
2. A nursing student is preparing study notes from a recent lecture in nursing history. The student
would credit Florence Nightingale for which definition of nursing?
a. The imbalance between the patient and the environment decreases the capacity for
health.
b. The nurse needs to focus on interpersonal processes between nurse and patient.
c. The nurse assists the patient with essential functions toward independence.
d. Human beings are interacting in continuous motion as energy fields.
ANS: A
Florence Nightingale’s (1860) concept of the environment emphasized prevention and cleanair,
water, and housing. This theory states that the imbalance between the patient and the
environment decreases the capacity for health and does not allow for conservation of energy.
Hildegard Peplau (1952) focused on the roles played by the nurse and the interpersonal process
between a nurse and a patient. Virginia Henderson described the nurse’s role as
substitutive (doing for the person), supplementary (helping the person), or complementary
(working with the person), with the goal of independence for the patient. Martha Rogers (1970)
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developed the Science of Unitary Human Beings. She stated that human beings andtheir
environments are interacting in continuous motion as infinite energy fields.
DIF: Understanding OBJ: 1.4 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance NOT:
Concepts: Health Promotion
3. The nurse identifies which nurse established the American Red Cross during the Civil War? a.
Dorothea Dix
b. Linda Richards
c. Lena Higbee
d. Clara Barton
ANS: D
Clara Barton practiced nursing in the Civil War and established the American Red Cross. Dorothea
Dix was the head of the U.S. Sanitary Commission, which was a forerunner of the Army Nurse
Corps. Linda Richards was America’s first trained nurse, graduating from Boston’s Women’s
Hospital in 1873, and Lena Higbee, superintendent of the U.S. Navy NurseCorps, was awarded the
Navy Cross in 1918.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.3 TOP: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Health Promotion and Maintenance NOT:
Concepts: Professionalism
4. The nursing instructor is researching the five proficiencies regarded as essential for studentsand
professionals. The nursing instructor identifies which organization would be found to have
added safety as a sixth competency?
a. Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)
b. Institute of Medicine (IOM)
c. American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN)
d. National League for Nursing (NLN)
ANS: A
The Institute of Medicine report health professions Education: A Bridge to Quality (2003),
outlines five core competencies. These include patient-centered care, interdisciplinary
teamwork, use of evidence-based medicine, quality improvement, and use of information
technology. QSEN added safety as a sixth competency. The Essentials of Baccalaureate
Education for Professional Nursing Practice are provided and updated by the American Association
of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) (2008). The document offers a framework for theeducation of
professional nurses with outcomes for students to meet. The National League forNursing (NLN)
outlines and updates competencies for practical, associate, baccalaureate, and graduate nursing
education programs.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.1 TOP: Planning
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MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of CareNOT:
Concepts: Care Coordination
5. The nurse manager is interviewing graduate nurses to fill existing staffing vacancies. When
hiring graduate nurses, the nurse manager realizes that they will probably not be considered
“competent” until they complete which task? a.
They graduate and pass NCLEX.
b. They have worked 2 to 3 years.
c. Their last year of nursing school.
d. They are actually hired.
ANS: B
Benner’s model identifies five levels of proficiency: novice, advanced beginner, competent,
proficient, and expert. The student nurse progresses from novice to advanced beginner during
nursing school and attains the competent level after approximately 2 to 3 years of work experience
after graduation. To obtain the RN credential, a person must graduate from an approved school of
nursing and pass a state licensing examination called the National CouncilLicensure Examination
for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) usually taken soon after completion of an approved nursing
program.
DIF: Remembering OBJ: 1.7 TOP: Planning
MSC: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of CareNOT:
Concepts: Care Coordination
6. The prospective student is considering options for beginning a career in nursing. Which
degree would best match the student’s desire to conduct research at the university level?
a. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
b. Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
c. Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
d. Doctor of Philosophy in Nursing (PhD)
ANS: D
Doctoral nursing education can result in a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree. This degree prepares
nurses for leadership roles in research, teaching, and administration that are essential to advancing
nursing as a profession. Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) programs usually are conducted in a
community college setting. The nursing curriculum focuses on adult acute and chronic disease;
maternal/child health; pediatrics; and psychiatric/mental health nursing. ADN RNs may return to
school to earn a bachelor’s degree or higher in an RN-to-BSN or RN-to-MSN program. Bachelor’s
degree programs include community health and management courses beyond those provided in an
associate degree program. A newer practice-focused doctoral degree is the Doctor of Nursing
practice (DNP), which concentrates on the clinical aspects of nursing. DNP specialties include the
four advanced practice roles of NP, CNS, CNM, and CRNA.
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