MICR 290 FINAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH ALL REVISED ANSWERS
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Course
MICR 290
Institution
MICR 290
MICR 290 FINAL TEST QUESTIONS WITH ALL REVISED ANSWERS
Bacterial meningitis - Answer--caused by Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, listeria monocytogenes, streptococcus agalactiae
Neisseria meningitidis - Answer--known as meningococcus
-lipid A, fimbrae,...
Neisseria meningitidis - Answer--known as meningococcus
-lipid A, fimbrae, and capsule
-can spread via respiratory droplets
Streptococcus pneumoniae - Answer--also called pneumococcus
-leading cause of meningitis in children and elderly
-capsule, enzymes, toxins and phosphorycholine
-grows in mouths and throats of 75% of humans without causing harm; nut when
immune responses are not fully active can cause meningitis.
Haemophilus influenzae - Answer--pleomorphic bacillus
-obligate parasite of humans and some animals
-used to be leading cause of meningitis but childhood vaccine reduced the number of
such cases by 90%
Listeria monocytogenes - Answer--enters the body in contaminated food or drink.
-can occur in pregnant women, fetuses, newborns and the elderly or
immunocompromised.
-not transmitted among humans except mother to fetus
Streptococcus agalactiae - Answer--normal vaginal microbiota in come women
-leading cause of bacterial meningitis in newborns in the united states
Hansens disease (leprosy) - Answer--caused by mycobacterium leprae
-tuberculoid leprosy; non-progressive form of the disease
-lepromatous leprosy; more virulent form of the disease
-transmitted person to person contact via respiratory droplets
Botulism - Answer--caused by clostridium botulinum
-3 kinds of botulism: wound botulism, infant botulism, foodborne botulism
-results in progressive paralysis on both sides of body
-infants under 1 YO should not consume honey
Tetanus - Answer--caused by Clostridium tetani
-tightening of the jaw
, ; spasm, and contractions
-can aquire through break in skin or mucous membrane
viral meningitis - Answer--caused by enteroviruses
-spread via fecal contamination of food, water, or hands
-spread via respiratory droplets
-absence of bacteria in the csf
Poliomyelitis - Answer--caused by poliovirus which is family of enterovirus
- asymptomatic infections: 90% of cases
-minor polio: nonspecific symptoms
-nonparalytic polio: muscle spasms and back pain
-paralytic polio: produces paralysis
-postpolio: syndrome can be debilitating
-transmitted most often by drinking contaminated water
Rabies - Answer--caused by rabies virus
-spread via bite or scratch from an infected animal
Arborviral encephalitis - Answer--only rarely do they affect humans
-transmitted via blood sucking arthropods i.e. mosquitoes
-6 arborviruses cause most cases: eastern equine encephalitis, st. louis encephalitis
and west nile encephalitis, california encephalitis
Cryptococcal meningitis - Answer--fungi
-caused by cryptococcus neoformans
-infection follows inhalation of spores or dries yeast cells
African sleeping sickness - Answer--protozoan disease of nervous system
-caused by Trypanosoma brucei
-bite by tsetse fly
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis - Answer--protozoan disease of nervous system
-caused by Acanthamoeba and Naegleria
-enter host through abrasions on the skin or eyelid or by inhalation of contaminated
water
Trachoma - Answer--Caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
-leading cause of nontraumatic blindness
-typically introduced when children have been infected by birth. but adults can transmit it
when bacteria from genitilia are introduced into the eyes via fomites, fingers or flies
Endocarditis - Answer--Viridans streptococci cause almost half the cases
-normal microbiota are usually responsible
Brucellosis - Answer--caused by Brucella melitensis
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