PSCI 1101 Midterm 1 Exam Questions With
Correct Answers.
Institution - answer✔✔An ongoing organization that performs certain functions for society.
social conflict - answer✔✔Disagreements among people in a society over what the society's
priorities should be.
politics - answer✔✔The process of resolving conflicts over how society should use its scarce
resources and who should receive various benefits, such as public health care and public higher
education.
government - answer✔✔The individuals and institutions that make society's rules and possess
the power and authority
power - answer✔✔The ability to influence the behavior of others, usually through the use of
force, persuasion, or rewards.
authority - answer✔✔The ability to legitimately exercise power, such as the power to
public services - answer✔✔Essential services that individuals cannot provide for themselves,
such as building and maintaining roads, establishing welfare programs, operating public schools,
and preserving national parks.
autocracy - answer✔✔A form of government in which the power and authority of the
government are in the hands of a single person.
monarchy - answer✔✔A form of autocracy in which a king, queen, or other aristocrat is the
highest authority in the government. Monarchs usually obtain their power through inheritance.
divine right theory - answer✔✔The theory that a monarch's right to rule was derived directly
from God rather than from the consent of the people.
dictatorship - answer✔✔A form of government in which absolute power is exercised by an
individual or group whose power is not supported by tradition.
democracy - answer✔✔system of government where the people have the absolute power
direct democracy - answer✔✔decisions are made by the people themselves rather than elected
representatives
representative government - answer✔✔decisions are made by elected representatives rather than
the people themselves
republic - answer✔✔system of government where there is no king or queen
parliament - answer✔✔The national legislative body in countries governed by a parliamentary
system, such as Britain and Canada.
limited government - answer✔✔A form of government based on the principle that the powers of
government should be clearly limited either through a written document or through wide public
understanding.
social contract - answer✔✔A voluntary agreement among individuals to create a government
and to give that government adequate power to secure the mutual protection and welfare of all
individuals.
natural rights - answer✔✔Rights that are not bestowed by governments but are inherent within
every man, woman, and child by virtue of the fact that he or she is a human being.
political culture - answer✔✔The set of ideas, values, and attitudes about government and the
political process held by a community or a nation.
liberty - answer✔✔The freedom of individuals to believe, act, and express themselves as they
choose so long as doing so does not infringe on the rights of other individuals in the society.
equality - answer✔✔A concept that holds, at a minimum, that all people are entitled to equal
protection under the law.
capitalism - answer✔✔An economic system based on the private ownership of wealthproducing
property, free markets, and freedom of contract. The privately owned corporation is the
preeminent capitalist institution.
Tea Party movement - answer✔✔A grassroots conservative movement that arose in 2009 after
Barack Obama became president. The movement opposes big government and current levels of
taxation, and also rejects political compromise.
ideology - answer✔✔Generally, a system of political ideas that are rooted in religious or
philosophical beliefs concerning human nature, society, and government.
conservatism - answer✔✔A set of political beliefs that include a limited role for the national
government in helping individuals and in the economic affairs of the nation, as well as support
for traditional values and lifestyles.
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