Exam 2 Practice Questions - Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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Course
Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology
Institution
Advanced Physiology And Pathophysiology
Exam 2 Practice Questions - Advanced
Physiology and Pathophysiology Exam
Questions And Correct Answers
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
a. Globulin
b. Albumin
c. Clotting factors
d. Complement proteins - answerANS: B
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a ...
Exam 2 Practice Questions - Advanced
Physiology and Pathophysiology Exam
Questions And Correct Answers
What is the most abundant class of plasma protein?
a. Globulin
b. Albumin
c. Clotting factors
d. Complement proteins - answer✔✔ANS: B
Albumin (approximately 60% of total plasma protein at a concentration of about 4 g/dl) is the
most abundant plasma protein.
What is the effect of low plasma albumin?
a. Clotting factors decrease, thus increasing the chance of prolonged bleeding.
b. Fewer immunoglobulins are synthesized, thus impairing the immune function.
c. Less iron is stored, thus increasing the incidence of iron deficiency anemia.
d. Osmotic pressure decreases, thus water moves from the capillaries to the
interstitium. - answer✔✔ANS: D
In the case of decreased production (e.g., cirrhosis, other diffuse liver diseases, protein
malnutrition) or excessive loss of albumin (e.g., certain kidney diseases, extensive burns),
the reduced oncotic pressure leads to excessive movement of fluid and solutes into the
tissues and decreased blood volume. The other options are not accurate descriptions of the
effect of low plasma albumin.
What is the life span of an erythrocyte (in days)?
a. 20 to 30
b. 60 to 90
c. 100 to 120
d. 200 to 240 - answer✔✔ANS: C
Because it cannot undergo mitotic division, the erythrocyte has a limited life span of
approximately 120 days.
Which statement concerning erythrocytes is true?
a. Erythrocytes contain a nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
b. Erythrocytes synthesize proteins.
c. Erythrocytes have the ability to change shape to squeeze through microcirculation.
d. Erythrocyte colony-stimulating factor (E-CSF) stimulates erythrocytes. - answer✔✔ANS: C
Reversible deformity enables the erythrocyte to assume a more compact torpedo-like shape,
squeeze through the microcirculation, and return to normal. The other options are not accurate
statements about erythrocytes.
Granulocytes that contain granules of vasoactive amines, such as histamine, are called:
a. Neutrophils
b. Eosinophils
c. Monocytes
d. Basophils - answer✔✔ANS: D
Basophils contain cytoplasmic granules that hold an abundant mixture of biochemical mediators,
including histamine, chemotactic factors, proteolytic enzymes, and an anticoagulant (heparin)
(see Figure 27-3, C). This is not an accurate description of any of the other options.
Which of the following are formed elements of the blood that are not cells but are disk-shaped
cytoplasmic fragments essential for blood clotting?
a. Monocytes
b. Platelets
c. Macrophages
d. Erythrocytes - answer✔✔ANS: B
Platelets (thrombocytes) are not true cells but are disk-shaped cytoplasmic fragments that are
essential for blood coagulation and control of bleeding. This description is not accurate for any
of the other options.
Blood cells that differentiate into macrophages are known as:
a. Monocytes
b. Neutrophils
c. Eosinophils
d. Basophils - answer✔✔ANS: A
Only monocytes migrate into a variety of tissues and fully mature into tissue macrophages and
myeloid dendritic cells (see Table 27-3).
Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells
and some virus-infected cells?
a. Lymphocytes
b. Plasma cells
c. Megakaryocytes
d. Natural killer (NK) cells - answer✔✔ANS: D
NK cells, which resemble large granular lymphocytes, kill some types of tumor cells (in vitro)
and some virus-infected cells without being induced by previous exposure to these antigens. This
capability is not true of the other options.
What is the life span of platelets (in days)?
A platelet circulates for approximately 10 days and ages. Macrophages of the mononuclear
phagocyte system, mostly in the spleen, remove platelets.
Fetal hematopoiesis occurs in which structure?
a. Gut
b. Spleen
c. Bone marrow
d. Thymus - answer✔✔ANS: B
The spleen is the largest of the secondary lymphoid organs and the site of fetal hematopoiesis
What is the consequence of a splenectomy?
a. The level of iron in circulation increases.
b.Antibody production increases to improve immune function.
c. The number of defective cells in circulation increases.
d. The number of clotting factors increases. - answer✔✔ANS: C
Splenic absence from any cause (e.g., atrophy, traumatic injury, removal because of disease) has
several secondary effects on the body, among them an increase in morphologically defective
blood cells in the circulation, confirming the spleen's role in removing old or damaged cells. This
description of the consequence of a splenectomy is not accurate for the other options.
During an infection, why do lymph nodes enlarge and become tender?
a. B lymphocytes proliferate.
b. The nodes are inflamed.
c. The nodes fill with purulent exudate.
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