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Sergeant Exam NFLST _ Questions And Answers Rated 100- Correct!.pdf
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8/29/24, 3:52 AMSergeant Exam NFLST
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (202)
14th ammendment due process of law
Arrest intention, authority, custody
1. Name of the state
2. Who will execute the warrant (normally any peace officer of that state)
3. Person who will be arrested
Arrest warrant 4. Offense Committed
5. Date, time, place of occurrence
6. Name of victim
7. Description of Offense
Established the exclusionary rule was applicable to the states (evidence seized illegally
Mapp v. Ohio
cannot be used in court)
Consent, warrant, exigency, vehicle inventory, incident to arrest, motor vehicle, plain
Search Warrant Exceptions
view
search is valid of a person and area under him immediate control form which he could
Chimel v. California (1969)
produce a weapon or destroy evidence
Carroll v. U.S. (1925) movable vehicle rule
can search a vehicle when reasonable to believe will find evidence of the offense. Only
Arizona v. Gant (2009)
in passenger compartment.
inductive reasoning factual and logical explanation of the crime
deductive reasoning hypothesis
neighborhood canvas helpful in about 20% of investigations
get description, location, plate of vehicles in the area with description of anything
vehicle canvas
suspicious ie blood, bullet holes, possible evidence.
primary is where first criminal act occurred, secondary scenes are where all subsequent
Primary v. secondary scenes
scenes occurred.
processed before other items/bodies to make sure no undue damage is done to
Evidence in "open view"
families by media or common talk.
Sergeant Exam NFLST
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, 8/29/24, 3:52 AM
Corpus delicti evidence - evidence that is needed to prove the commission of the
crime
3 kinds of evidence Associative - connects the suspect to the scene or victim/ or connects the scene or
victim to the suspect
Tracing - identification and location of the suspect such as a discarded ID at the scene.
Crime scene patterns (patterns or Spiral, Grid, Strip/line, Quadrant/ or Zone, Pie/wheel
techniques used to search an area after the
boundary has been determined
Orientation - far, Relationship - medium, Identification - close, Comparison - close of
Digital photography (far/medium/close)
evidence
Class characteristics not completely original, like the print of a Nike shoe
Individual characteristics fingerprints/footprints, etc.
Residue prints prints left on a hard surface from a foot, shoe, or tire.
Impressions prints left in something moldable like clay, dirt, snow, etc.
Plastic prints prints left in something "tacky" like silly putty, fatty foods, caulking
Patent/contaminated/visible fingers contaminated with an oily substance touch a clean surface
Latent/invisible unseen or hidden prints that are developed to expose them
Forensic ondontology intersection of dentistry and criminal law, i.e. bite mark analysis and identification.
Signature The striations on a bullet after passing through the bore of the barrel of a rifle or pistol
small amounts of DNA evidence left from suspect skin shavings after touching
Touch DNA
something.
Handwriting samples 15 to 20 samples should be collected from suspects
Objective of interrogation: (importance goes Obtain valuable facts, Eliminate the innocent, Identify the guilty, Obtain a confession
up as the difficulty goes up)
distance between you and subject during interview (optimal proximity 27 in. for middle
Proximity
class white males)
Bias when witness is not completely positive of an answer. They'll give an answer they
Expectancy
would expect, or assume.
False confession where innocent suspect made to believe they committed the crime
Coerced - internalized confession
where people develop a distrust of their own memory.
Voluntary confession Give false confession without provocation
Confess after lengthy interrogation process and think the short term outweighs long
Coerced compliant confession
term (being released on bail and getting high vs. having to go to prison later)
Free and voluntary rule can't beat a suspect into a confession, or threaten violence
Must not be "unnecessary delay" in the production of the suspect before a magistrate.
Confession was gained during this delay, and the subsequent confession was
McNabb v. United States
inadmissible despite it being given freely and voluntarily. From this case came the
"delay in arraignment" rule.
5th amendment case involving Miranda v. Arizona. Suspect was advised of rights, didn't
Berghuis v. Thomkins sign the form, but agreed to speak with detectives. Confession given, and was later
admissible by Supreme Court.
Algor mortis body cooling - inaccurate way of determining time of death
Sergeant
Ocular change Exam NFLST cornea becomes cloudy within 2 hours of less if eyes are open
2/5
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