MICR 2123 Final Exam Study Questions And Answers
A mutation where one or more nucleotides is (are) inserted or deleted - Answer-Insertion/deletion mutation
/.A phototroph uses light energy. - Answer-True
/.A piece of DNA passes (HGT or VGT?) - Answer-horizontal gene transfer
/.An organ...
A mutation where one or more nucleotides is (are) inserted or deleted - Answer-
Insertion/deletion mutation
/.A phototroph uses light energy. - Answer-True
/.A piece of DNA passes (HGT or VGT?) - Answer-horizontal gene transfer
/.An organoheterotroph uses organic sources of carbon and electron. - Answer-True
/.ATP production that happens before the ETS or is not dependent on ETS function is
called _____ phosphorylation. Examples are ATP production during _____. - Answer-
substrate level; EMP or Ed
/.Chloroplasts evolved from ____, and they still encode _____ genes. - Answer-
Cyanobacteria; photosynthesis
/.Cyanobacteria fix CO2 using the enzyme _____. This is carried out in a structure
known as _____. - Answer-Rubisco, carboxysomes
/.During the operation of ETS, the movement of electrons from one component to the
next leads to the generation of a _____ across the membrane. - Answer-proton motive
force
/.Food molecules are broken down completely (fermentation or respiration?) - Answer-
respiration
/.Food molecules are only broken down partially (fermentation or respiration?) - Answer-
fermentation
/.Gene expression can be controlled at these levels - Answer-protein level, DNA level,
RNA level
/.Gram-negative bacteria cell envelope appears as a triple layer in TEM pictures. -
Answer-True
/.Gram-positive bacteria have cell walls with thin peptidoglycan layers. - Answer-False
/.In oxygenic photosynthesis, H2O is the source of electrons and O2 is produced. -
Answer-True
, /.In the structure of DNA, nucleotides on the same strand are linked together by H-
bonds. - Answer-False
/.Innate immune defenses do not have memory and are not pathogen specific. -
Answer-True
/.It occurs in the absence of an ETS (fermentation or respiration?) - Answer-
fermentation
/.It occurs in the presence of ETS and an electron acceptor (fermentation or
respiration?) - Answer-respiration
/.Lipopolysaccharides are found in: - Answer-gram-negative bacteria only
/.Meets conditional needs like metabolism and stress response (HGT or VGT?) -
Answer-horizontal gene transfer
/.Molecules pass through the membrane with the help of a transporter protein against
(up) the concentration gradient (i.e. from low concentration to high concentration) using
energy from ATP hydrolysis - Answer-ABC transporters
/.Molecules pass through the membrane with the help of a transporter protein against
(up) the concentration gradient (i.e. from low concentration to high concentration) using
energy from charge separation. Molecules move in the opposite direction of the
coupling ion. - Answer-Antiport
/.Molecules pass through the membrane with the help of a transporter protein against
(up) the concentration gradient (i.e. from low concentration to high concentration) using
energy from charge separation. Molecules move in the same direction of the coupling
ion. - Answer-Symport
/.Molecules pass through the membrane with the help of a transporter protein against
(up) the concentration gradient (i.e. from low concentration to high concentration). The
molecules are chemically modified during transport. - Answer-Group translocation/PTS
transporter
/.Molecules pass through the membrane with the help of a transporter protein along
(down) the concentration gradient (i.e. from high concentration to low concentration) -
Answer-Passive transport
/.Molecules pass through the membrane without the help of a transporter protein -
Answer-Diffusion
/.More ATP is produced during the process (fermentation or respiration?) - Answer-
respiration
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