Bio 253 final exam Practice Questions and Answers
Organs of the Urinary system - Answer️️ -kidneys, ureters, urinary
bladder, urethra
draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex, Medulla, Pelvis,
renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nephron - Answer️️ -
functional unit of the...
cortical nephrons - Answer✔️✔️--85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillaries around PCT and DCT
How is urine made in the kidney? - Answer✔️✔️-1.)Reabsorption - moving
substances with tubule into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
driving force for filtration - Answer✔️✔️-hydrostatic pressure or BP
What fluid comes out of the glomerulus? - Answer✔️✔️-filtrate
What is filtrate? - Answer✔️✔️-mostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and
waste products. Glucose is normal in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop - Answer✔️✔️-Only water is absorbed in
the descending limb. Na+ chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no
water).
Status of water coming out of nephron loop? - Answer✔️✔️-@ Lowest
concentration (diluted)
Process taking place in nephron loop? - Answer✔️✔️-Countercurrent
mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can also create concentrated urine from the
Na+ absorbed in the ascending limb.
tubular secretion - Answer✔️✔️--selectively moves substances from blood to
filtrate in renal tubules and collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
Hormones that regulate kidney function - Answer✔️✔️-directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin
Aldosterone function - Answer✔️✔️--decreases sodium and water loss in
urine by returning sodium and water to the blood
Aldosterone: Target Cells - Answer✔️✔️-kidneys
ANH function - Answer✔️✔️-Tells kidneys that blood volume is too high, so
dumps out H20 and Na+
3
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