AQA 2024
A-level
HISTORY
7042/1B
Component 1B Spain in the Age of
Discovery, 1469-1598
Question paper and Mark scheme Merged
,A-level
HISTORY
Component 1B Spain in the Age of Discovery, 1469–1598
Thursday 23 May 2024 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/1B.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 60 minutes on Question 01
– 45 minutes on each of the other questions answered.
IB/M/Jun24/G4002/E6 7042/1B
, 2
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
From the beginning of his reign, Philip II was convinced that the Spanish Church needed
reform. Heresy had taken root. The Inquisitor-General, Valdes, submitted a detailed
report on the religious situation. In monasteries, convents and universities throughout
Spain, many books and Bibles were found to be contaminated with Lutheran heresies.
There was also an upsurge in Moorish and Jewish worship and Paganism flourished in 5
remote regions, with festivals, rituals and superstitions. But Philip’s personal spirituality
and desire for reform were not reflected within Spain. Valdes and the Papacy were
involved in plots against leading churchmen, creating a situation whereby the Inquisition
became too focused on establishing political power. The Church neglected the spiritual
education of priests and ordinary Spaniards. Many clergy remained uneducated and 10
poor. The Church’s contribution to reform might have been more productive if it had
been more effectively co-ordinated. But, despite Philip’s implementation of the
Tridentine Decrees, reforms had made little progress by 1598.
Adapted from G Parker, Imprudent King: A New Life of Philip II, 2014
Extract B
By far the most important influence upon the reforms of the Spanish Church was the
long-awaited conclusion to the final session of the Council of Trent. Spanish bishops had
played a prominent part early in this session and Philip took a personal interest. Philip
wanted doctrinal issues discussed and defined, believing more power should be given to
the bishops over their own clergy and limitations imposed upon papal authority. The 5
Tridentine Decrees revolutionised Spanish Catholicism. They brought greater reform of
the clergy, greater power to the bishops, which particularly pleased Philip, and a
programme of clerical education. This led to the construction of 20 seminary colleges in
Spain. Under Philip’s direction there were also important administrative changes. New
bishoprics were set up, greater control was established over monasteries with foreign 10
orders and many decayed religious houses were shut down. Teresa of Avila created the
powerful Observant order in 1562. The Crown’s control over the Church thus became
more complete in Spain in the 16th century than elsewhere in Europe.
Adapted from G Woodward, Philip II, 1992
IB/M/Jun24/G4002/7042/1B
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