MCAT Psychology: Biology and Behavior Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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Course
MCAT
Institution
MCAT
MCAT Psychology: Biology and Behavior
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
Contributors to Neuropsychology - answer1. Franz Gall
2. Pierre Flourens
3. William James
4. John Dewey
5. Paul Broca
6. Hermann von Helmholtz
7. Sir Charles Sherrington
Franz Gall - answerDeveloped concept of phrenol...
MCAT Psychology: Biology and Behavior
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
Contributors to Neuropsychology - answer✔✔1. Franz Gall
2. Pierre Flourens
3. William James
4. John Dewey
5. Paul Broca
6. Hermann von Helmholtz
7. Sir Charles Sherrington
Franz Gall - answer✔✔Developed concept of phrenology.
Phrenology - answer✔✔Disproven theory that brain anatomy is linked to specific behavior,
intellect, and personality.
Pierre Flourens - answer✔✔First person to study the major functions of the brain. Showed that
the brain had specific parts for specific functions and removal of a section weakens the brain as a
whole
William James - answer✔✔Believed that it was important to study how the mind functioned in
adapting to the environment. Contributed to theory of functionalism
Functionalism - answer✔✔A system of thought in psychology that studied how mental processes
help individuals adapt to their environments
John Dewey - answer✔✔Believed that psychology should focus on the study of the organisms as
a whole as it functioned to adapt to the environment.. Also contributed to idea of functionalism
Paul Broca - answer✔✔Examined behavioral deficits of people with brain damage.
Demonstrated that specific functional impairments could be linked to specific brain lesions
(Broca's Area)
Hermann Von Helmholtz - answer✔✔First to measure the speed of a nerve impulse
Sir Charles Sherrington - answer✔✔Inferred existence of synapses. However, he believed it was
an electrical process, not chemical as we now know.
Types of Nerve Cells in Nervous System - answer✔✔1. Sensory Neurons
2. Interneurons
3. Motor Neurons
Sensory Neurons (Afferent Neurons) - answer✔✔Transmit sensory information from receptors
to the spinal cord and brain
Motor Neurons (Efferent Neurons) - answer✔✔Transmit motor information from the brain and
spinal cord to the muscles and glands
Interneurons - answer✔✔Found between other neurons. Most Numerous. Linked to reflex
behavior
Reflex Arcs - answer✔✔Neural Circuits that control reflex behavior (Sensory -> Interneurons ->
Motor)
Division of Nervous System - answer✔✔Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous
System (PNS)
Composition of CNS - answer✔✔Composed of brain and spinal cord. Contains olfactory and
optic nerves
Composition of PNS - answer✔✔Composed of nerve tissue and fibers outside the brain and
spinal cord. Contains all spinal nerve pairs and 10/12 cranial nerve pairs.
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there? - answer✔✔31
How many pairs of cranial nerves are there? - answer✔✔12
Subdivision of PNS - answer✔✔1. Somatic
2. Autonomic
Somatic Nervous System - answer✔✔Consists of sensory and motor neurons distributed
throughout skin, joints, and muscles.
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) - answer✔✔Regulates involuntary muscles associated with
many internal organs and glands, such as respiration, heartbeat, digestion, and glandular
secretions. Independent of conscious control.
ANS Subdivisions - answer✔✔1. Sympathetic
2. Parasympathetic
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