Advanced Pathophysiology (Nurse 580) Exam Questions And Correct Answers
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Course
Advanced pathophysiology
Institution
Advanced Pathophysiology
Advanced Pathophysiology (Nurse 580)
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
What is formed as an end product of protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism? -
answerAcid
How many immunity lines of defense are there? Name them. - answerThere are 3 line of
immunity defenses:
1) Innate resistance ("na...
Advanced Pathophysiology (Nurse 580)
Exam Questions And Correct Answers
What is formed as an end product of protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism? -
answer✔✔Acid
How many immunity lines of defense are there? Name them. - answer✔✔There are 3 line of
immunity defenses:
1) Innate resistance ("natural" immunity)
2) Inflammatory response
Innate response - answer✔✔The body's first line of immunity defense- e.g the body's
complement system and substances called interferon and interleukin-1 (which causes fever).
Also, physical and mechanical barriers (skin/mucous membranes) and biochemical barriers
(antibacterial peptides found in secretions and normal bacterial flora)
Inflammatory response - answer✔✔The body's second line of immunity defense - non-specific,
rapid, and non-memory cell forming. Caused by a variety of materials. Often has local
manifestations and has a vascular response
Vascular response during acute inflammation - answer✔✔-vasodialation
-increased capillary permeability
-white blood cell adherence to inner vessel walls and migration through vessel walls
How many plasma protein systems provide a biochemical barrier against invading pathogens in
circulation. What are they? - answer✔✔1) Complement system
2) Coagulation system
3) Kinin system
proenzymes - answer✔✔The inactive form of an enzyme found within a cell.
-sequentially activated
-first proenzyme is converted to an active enzyme
-substrate of activated enzyme becomes next component in series
complement proteins can be activated in how many ways? Name them. - answer✔✔The
complement system can be activated in three ways:
1) classical pathway
2)the alternative pathway
3) the lectin pathway
What does activation of the compliment system result in? - answer✔✔-opsonization
-anaphylatoxin activation
-cell lysis
-leukocyte chemotaxis
Coagulation (clotting) cascade - answer✔✔-prevents the spread of microorganisms and foreign
bodies at site of greatest inflammatory cell activity (forms fibrinous meshwork at an injured or
inflamed site)
-forms a clot that stops bleeding
-provides framework for healing repair and healing
*main substance is an insoluble protein called fibrin
Kinin system - answer✔✔-functions to activate and assist inflammatory cells
-proteins promote vasodilation, increased permeability, pain, smooth muscle contraction, and
leukocyte chemotaxis
-primary kinin in bradykinin
Cellular mediators of Inflammation - name the cellular components - answer✔✔-Erythrocytes
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