What is meant by a "manipulation" in the context of experimental research?
Any variable that is controlled by the researcher
An unethical practice
The creation of emotions against the participant's will
The physical control of a respondent's body - Answer -Any variable that is controlled by
the researcher
The number of small businesses opened in a county each year is an example of which
level of measurement?
nominal
interval
ordinal
ratio - Answer -ratio
The lowest level of measurement (i.e., the one that contains the least information) is the
______ level of measurement.
interval
ratio
ordinal
nominal - Answer -nominal
If a person's employment is coded as Unemployed = 0 or Employed = 1, then that
variable is at the ______ level of measurement.
ordinal
nominal
interval
ratio - Answer -nominal
A histogram is appropriate when the data are...
nominal or ordinal.
nominal, interval, or ratio.
interval or ratio.
ordinal. - Answer -interval or ratio.
, A bar chart would work best for which of the following measurement scales?
Categorical levels
Ordinal or ratio
Nominal or interval
Quantitative levels - Answer -Categorical levels
A bell curve (i.e., a normal distribution) is...
leptokurtic.
mesokurtic.
uniform.
platykurtic. - Answer -mesokurtic
Which measure of central tendency works best of negatively skewed distributions?
Median
Mode
Mean
No measure is appropriate - Answer -Median
What is the lowest level of measurement needed to calculate the mode?
Interval
Any level but the distribution must be symmetrical
Nominal
Any level that doesn't have outliers - Answer -Nominal
In a negatively skewed distribution, which measure will generally have the highest
value?
Mean
Mode
Median
All are the same - Answer -Mode
In a positively skewed distribution, which measure will generally have the highest value?
Mode
All are the same
Mean
Median - Answer -Mean
What is the lowest level of measurement needed to calculate the mean?
Interval
Ordinal
Ratio
Any level but the distribution must be symmetrical - Answer -Interval
Which measure requires a degrees of freedom calculation?
Population variance
Population range
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