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Nerve Conduction and Neurotransmission Questions with Correct Answers.
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Nerve Conduction and Neurotransmission Questions with Correct Answers.
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Nerve Conduction and Neurotransmission Questionswith Correct Answers
Signal along brain circuits (2 Steps) Correct Answer-1.) Nerve Impulse
Conduction- passage of electrical signal along a neuron ((+) deflection
of membrane voltage)
2.) Neurotransmission/Synaptic Transmission- transmission of a nerve
impulse from one neuron to another
Neuron structure Correct Answer-Dendrite- inc. SA of cell body;
covered in synapses (tiny protrusions- receive info from other neurons
and transmit electrical signals to the soma)- up to 10,000 signals
Soma/Cell Body- where the signals from dendrites are joined and passed
on.
Axon Hillock- at end of soma, controls firing of neuron. Action Potential
if strength of signal >> threshold limit
Axon- elongated fiber that extends from cell body to terminal ending to
transmit a signal
-larger an axon, faster the transmission
Axon Terminal- transmits signals to muscle, gland, other neurons
Every ion has an Equilibrium Concentration (Reversal Potential) that is
determined by... Correct Answer-The relative conc. of the ion between
the two compartments, as well as the ion's charge.
-if unequal and permeability allowed, a voltage will develop
-Equilibrium Concentration- ratio of the conc. of ion on either side of the
barrier
, Nernst Equation Correct Answer-Ex = (60/z)log([X out]/[X in])
Ex- voltage in mV
z- ion charge
[ ]- ion concentrations
-equation tells you the voltage if ions unevenly distributed
**Resting Potential is (-) due to K+ build up in the cell
Intracellular Ion Conc:
K+ = 140 mM
Na+ = 4 nM
Cl- = 4 nM
Ca2+ = 0.1 nM
overall -60 mV Correct Answer-Extracellular Ion Conc:
K+ = 4 mM (hyper polarize)
Na+ = 140 mM (depolarize)
Cl- = 140 mM (hyper polarize)
Ca2+ = 2 mM (depolarize)
increase (+) --> depolarization; more excitable and inc. chance of AP
increase (-) --> hyper polarization; less excitable and dec. chance of AP
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