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GENETICS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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GENETICS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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GENETICS FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSWhat are deleterious genes and list one example - Answers -alleles whose phenotype
results in significantly reduced fitness of an animal; Dexter cattle - short legs
Genetics - Answers -The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as - Answers -"Father of Genetics"
What plant did Gregor Mendel study? - Answers -peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they looking for
or at differently) - Answers -1. Picked easy organism to experiment
2. Picked plant that was diploid
3. Picked traits that were simply inherited
4. Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples - Answers -The betterment of an
organism;
1. bigger
2. smaller
3. faster
4. hairless
5. quicker weight gain
Who created the term "genetics?' - Answers -William Batesone
What is a chromosome? - Answers -a DNA molecule composed of RNA and proteins to
form a threadlike structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis (contains the genes)
What is located on a chromosome? - Answers -genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand? - Answers -double helix
Define DNA - Answers -Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes up a
chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA - Answers -Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together? - Answers -Adenine - Thymine
Cytosine - Guanine
,List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle - Answers -Dominant - polled
Recessive - horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens - Answers -Dominant - feathered shanks
Recessive - clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Horses - Answers -Dominant - smooth hair
Recessive - curly hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs - Answers -Dominant - wire hair
Recessive - smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats - Answers -Dominant - short hair
Recessive - long hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Tomato - Answers -Dominant - small fruit
Recessive - large fruit
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel
studied:
Seed color - Answers -yellow, green
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel
studied:
Flower color - Answers -purple, white
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel
studied:
Seed shape - Answers -round, wrinkled
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel
studied:
Pod color - Answers -green, yellow
List pairs of characteristics and the traits (specific phenotypes) of each trait Mendel
studied:
Pod shape - Answers -inflated, constricted
List the 2N of potato - Answers -48
, List 4 plants that were domesticated from Wild Mustard and the plant parts that
mutated. - Answers -Kale - leaves
Cabbage - terminal buds
Broccoli - flowers and stems
Brussel sprouts - leaves
One cell contains 40 chromosomes:
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis? - Answers -4
One cell contains 40 chromosomes:
How many chromosomes are present in each daughter cell after meiosis? - Answers -
20
One cell contains 40 chromosomes:
What is the N# of the daughter cells after meiosis? - Answers -1N
One cell contains 40 chromosomes:
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of mitosis? - Answers -40
One cell contains 40 chromosomes:
What is the N# of the daughter cells after mitosis? - Answers -2N
What is interphase? - Answers -cell resting phase, carrying out normal cell activity; the
phase immediatly after telophase, before prophase
List the phases of interphase. - Answers -G1, S, G2
When does interphase occur? - Answers -in mitosis - after telophase; in meiosis - after
telophase II
When does DNA replicate? - Answers -during S phase
List the phases of meiosis. - Answers -1. Prophase I
2. Metaphase I
3. Anaphase I
4. Telophase I
5. Prophase II
6. Metaphase II
7. Anaphase II
8. Telophase II
In what phase of meiosis does the following occur:
Sister of chromotids disjoin and migrate toward opposit poles. - Answers -Anaphase II
In what phase of meiosis does the following occur:
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