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KRM320 UNIT 2 CYBERCRIME EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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KRM320 UNIT 2 CYBERCRIME EXAMSTUDY GUIDE
What are the biggest challenges with technology in the prevention and solving of crime
in South Africa? - Answer 1. lack of training, the right people for the right job
2. budget and maintenance, the right tools and money management or budget ,
computers etc
3. management, people placed in position where they do not have the skills to manage
the situation they are placed in
4. capabilities and restrictions of certain technologies, apple v android or windows,
technologies clash, software and hardware incompatibility
5. improper usage, cameras not utilized for its purpose, used to photograph wedding
and not crimes, porn watch and playing games during work hours
6. creates more work, consider clothing company - machine knit but humans need to
operate the machines
7. resistance and fear, Before Computer generations avoid technology
Definition of cybercrime: - Answer Any illegal act where a computer, network or
electronic device with a memory or processing capability is:
o the object or target of the crime;
o the instrument used to commit the crime; or
o used as a repository of evidence relating to a crime.
Financial and high-tech crimes are interdependent - Answer - currency counterfeiting,
money laundering, intellectual property crime, payment card fraud, computer virus
attacks and cyberterrorism, for example - can affect all levels of society. Stealing of
intellectual property..
Cyber-, compu- or e-crime in borderless spaces - Answer everywhere all around us,
using electronics as the system, radio waves or electrical impulses as the medium, the
Internet as the communicating channel and computers or computer-based equipment
as the instrument. It is all around us and can happen at any moment and in any place
CYBER-RELATED CRIMES ARE BORDERLES - Answer - may be committed via any cyber
system in the world.
- One of the problems is that only few criminal justice system officials are trained in
cybercrime prevention, investigation prosecution and sentencing
, - Social media and entertainment networks have added to internet-related threats and
victimisations.
- Internet banking and online payments also increase vulnerability to cyberattack.
- need for synergies among all relevant stakeholders and international law enforcement
agencies in addressing cyber-related crime
Challenges faced by law enforcement - Answer − Jurisdiction (In SA not a problem;
However borderless nature of cybercrime still a challenge)
− Victims often do not report cybercrime (not serious enough, question successful
prosecution, fear negative publicity etc.).
Types of Cybercrime: - Answer • Distributed Denial of Service Attack (DDOS) (e.g.
prevent legitimate users to use a service by crashing or flooding a service or server).
• Identity theft (identity theft is the deliberate use of someone else's identity, usually as a
method to gain a financial advantage or obtain credit and other benefits in the victim's
name, and perhaps to the victim's disadvantage or loss).
• Cyber trespass and Cyber warfare (e.g. hacking, cyber terrorists).
• Cyber theft (Difficult to prove! - Theft of information).
• Cyber obscenity (e.g. pornography on the Internet).
• Child online pornography (child pornography as any visual depiction of sexually
explicit conduct involving a minor (persons less than 18 years old).
• Cyber fraud (e.g. appropriation of cyber cash. Centrally related to the use of credit
cards and ID theft and money laundering).
• Cyber stalking (e.g. sending of unsolicited e-mails to the victim).
• Cyber hoaxing (e.g. misrepresents oneself on the Internet & perpetrates a hoax).
• Cyber bullying (e.g. threats to reveal intimate details).
• Cyber vigilantism (e.g. viruses, trojans or botnets) - "bot"programs or 'malware' make
use of malicious software programme via e-mail attachments or peer-to-peer networks,
and if one visits an infected website.
• Cyber manipulation (e.g. gets access to IT system or trick someone to assist).
• Cyber-ransom (e.g. blackmail a company to buy back sensitive information).
• Skimming e.g. (details of a credit card on the magnetic strip are 'skimmed' in a shop or
a restaurant using a small
electronic device).\
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