Phil 170 Quiz 1 Test Questions with Answers
theoretical definition - Answer-assigns a meaning to a word by suggesting a theory that gives a certain characterization to the entities that the term denotes
persuasive definition - Answer-A definition that aims at persuading the listener one way or...
theoretical definition - Answer-assigns a meaning to a word by suggesting a theory that
gives a certain characterization to the entities that the term denotes
persuasive definition - Answer-A definition that aims at persuading the listener one way
or another toward the term being defined.
extensional definition - Answer-assigns meaning to a term by indicating the class
members denoted by the term
demonstrative definition - Answer-A definition that assigns a meaning to a word by
pointing to members of its class
enumerative definition - Answer-assigns meaning to a term by naming the individual
members of the class denoted by the term
definition by subclass - Answer-assigns a meaning to a term by naming subclasses of
the class denoted by the term
intensional definition - Answer-assigns a meaning to a term by listing the properties or
attributes shared by all the objects that are denoted by the term
synonymous definition - Answer-A definition in which the definiens is a single word that
connotes the same attributes as the definiendum
etymological definition - Answer-explains the linguistic origin of the term
operational definition - Answer-a statement of the procedures used to define research
variables
definition by genus and difference - Answer-assigns a meaning to a term by identifying
a genus term and one or more difference words that, when combined, convey the
meaning of the term being defined
fallacy - Answer-defect in an argument other than having false premise
formal fallacy - Answer-A fallacy that can be identified by merely examining the form or
structure of an argument
informal fallacy - Answer-fallacy identified by examining the content of the argument
, appeal to force fallacy - Answer-persuade by threat of force rather than providing sound
reasons
appeal to pity fallacy - Answer-requesting sympathy rather than providing sound
reasons
appeal to the people fallacy - Answer-an appeal to a majority of people to prove that
one's view is correct
argument against the person (ad hominem) - Answer-Involves attacking the person who
advances an argument (or asserts a statement) as opposed to providing a rational
critique of the argument (or statement) itself
accident fallacy - Answer-A general rule is applied to a specific case that it wasn't
intended for. (ex. Cutting people with a knife is a crime. Surgeons cut people with
knives. Surgeons are criminals.)
missing the point fallacy - Answer-arguer draws the wrong conclusion from the premises
straw man fallacy - Answer-when an arguer distorts an opponents argument for the
purpose of more easily attacking it
red herring fallacy - Answer-when a speaker introduces an irrelevant issue or piece of
evidence to divert attention from the subject of the speech
argument - Answer-a group of statements claimed to provide support for conclusion
premise - Answer-group of statements to support conclusion
conclusion - Answer-main claim supported by premises
hypothetical argument, modus ponens - Answer-if x then y
x
therfor, y
standard form - Answer-premises
conclusion
statement - Answer-sentence that is true or false
inference - Answer-reasoning process expressed by argument (arguments to not make,
we make)
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