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2024 PEDIATRICS HESI PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDIATRICS HESI PRACTICE EXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 PEDIATRICS HESI PRACTICEEXAM WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
An adolescent female's susceptibility to vaginitis could be related to which
causative factor?
Swimming pool chlorine.
Sexual activity.
Urinary incontinence.
Menarche. - CORRECT-ANSWERSSexual activity
Vaginitis can result from irritation, foreign objects, allergens, and sexual
activity.
A seven-month old infant is admitted with nonorganic failure to thrive
(NFTT). To aid the child's growth and development, which intervention is
most important for the nurse to implement?
Encourage the parents to participate in a planned program of play with the
infant.
Refer the parents for psychological counseling to identify parental
detachment.
Demonstrate feeding strategies and infant cues that indicate hunger and
satiation.
Provide instructions about formula preparation and feeding schedules. -
CORRECT-ANSWERSDemonstrate feeding strategies and infant cues that
indicate hunger and satiation.
NFTT most often occurs due to inadequate parental knowledge or a
disturbance in parental-child attachment, but the first goal for infants with
NFTT is to provide nutrition to promote "catch-up" growth. The nurse should
demonstrate positive feeding strategies that reduce parent and infant
frustration, such as recognizing the infant's cues indicated by vigorous
sucking and satiation.
,The nurse is caring for a 9-year-old female child who asks, "What does it
mean when a girl says they started their period?" How should the nurse
respond?
Ask the child whether she was sexually abused.
Ascertain what the child knows about changes that a female undergoes
during puberty, then simply and factually present the information in a way
that the child will understand.
Inquire where the child heard this.
Involve the child in teaching about puberty with their peers. - CORRECT-
ANSWERSAscertain what the child knows about changes that a female
undergoes during puberty, then simply and factually present the information
in a way that the child will understand.
School-age children are curious about bodily changes. Education on puberty
should be presented in an honest, factual, age-appropriate manner.
Per the healthcare provider's orders, the nurse is preparing to catheterize an
8-year-old child. Before gathering supplies and starting the procedure, which
action should the nurse take first?
Obtain the parent's consent before initiating the procedure.
Explain to the child and parents why the procedure is being done and what
will occur.
After talking with the parents about the procedure, ask them to leave the
room.
Provide the child with privacy by conducting the procedure in the treatment
room. - CORRECT-ANSWERSExplain to the child and parents why the
procedure is being done and what will occur.
An 8-year-old uses concrete operational thought (Piaget), can cooperate, and
should be included in the explanation of the plan of care. Explaining why the
procedure is needed and what will occur will enhance the child's
understanding and cooperation. A separate consent does not need to be
obtained and signed. The parents should be allowed to stay in the room
while the nurse still protects the child's privacy. There is no need to move to
a treatment room unless the nurse or parents feel it is needed. More invasive
procedures that can cause pain, such as IV insertion or blood draws, can be
done in a treatment room so the child's room remains a safe place.
,The parents of a child with autism ask the nurse if they could help them to
better understand the disorder. Which information best describes autism
spectrum disorder?
Obsession with moving objects.
Repetitive patterns of behavior.
A neurobehavioral disorder diagnosed after assessment in two areas: social
communication and interaction and restricted, repetitive behavior.
Stereotypic movements and speech patterns. - CORRECT-ANSWERSA
neurobehavioral disorder diagnosed after assessment in two areas: social
communication and interaction and restricted, repetitive behavior.
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder of unknown
origin. Diagnosis is based on two behavioral domains: difficulties in social
communication and social interaction and unusually restricted, repetitive
behavior, interest, or activities.
The nurse is triaging a child with a fever brought to the emergency
department by the parents. Which finding requires the nurse's immediate
intervention?
Prolonged exhalations.
Thick yellow rhinorrhea.
Frequent nonproductive cough.
Oxygen saturation is 95% by pulse oximeter. - CORRECT-ANSWERSProlonged
exhalations.
Prolonged exhalation indicates breathing difficulty and requires immediate
intervention. According to the American Heart Association's Pediatric
Advance Life Support (PALS) algorithm, a prolonged expiration in a pediatric
client is indicative of lower airway obstruction.
The nurse is assessing the coping behaviors of the parents whose child has
been recently diagnosed with a chronic illness. What reaction by the parents
is a positive step in the ability to cope with this new situation?
Endowing the illness with meaning.
, Refusing to believe the child is ill.
Entertaining an unrealistic future plan for the child.
Placing complete faith in religion to the point of relinquishing own
responsibility. - CORRECT-ANSWERSEndowing the illness with meaning.
Coping mechanisms are behaviors directed at reducing the tension elicited
by a crisis. Approach behaviors are coping mechanisms resulting in
movement toward adjustment and resolution of the crisis. The parents'
ability to assign the illness meaning within an existing medical, scientific, or
spiritual philosophy of life is a long-term coping strategy significantly related
to successful family functioning.
A 15-year-old girl tells the school nurse that she wants to have a baby. How
should the nurse respond?
"Will you be able to support the baby?"
"Do you have plans to continue school?"
"Have you talked with your parents about this?"
"Can you tell me how your life will be if you have an infant?" - CORRECT-
ANSWERS"Can you tell me how your life will be if you have an infant?"
Developing a dialogue with the teen is important. By using an open-ended
question the nurse will encourage communication and explanation. This
question directs the teen to consider real life experiences and allows the
nurse to assess the teen's perception and reality orientation.
The nurse is caring for a premature infant who needs an IV access restarted.
What action should the nurse take when using adhesive tape?
Use solvents such as water, mineral oil, or petrolatum to remove adhesives
instead of pulling on skin.
Avoid using tape and adhesives until skin is more mature.
Use scissors carefully to remove tape instead of pulling tape off.
Use alcohol to remove the adhesives. - CORRECT-ANSWERSRemove
adhesives with water, mineral oil, or petrolatum.
The use of adhesives should be minimized as much as possible in the
treatment of preterm neonates. They should be removed using water,
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