PSCI 2223 Exam Questions with All Correct Answers
Why states fight - Answer-territorial disputes
creation of new states
economic issues
ideology
Arms Race - Answer-action-reaction process which moves each group to increase its armaments because of the existence of those of the opposing gro...
PSCI 2223 Exam Questions
with All Correct Answers
Why states fight - Answer-territorial disputes
creation of new states
economic issues
ideology
Arms Race - Answer-action-reaction process which moves each group to increase its
armaments because of the existence of those of the opposing group
Guns versus butter - Answer-The economic theory about how the military spending
effects how much a government can spend on civilian spending.
opportunity costs - Answer-the benefits foregone by investing in the military rather than
more economically productive or socially beneficial pursuit
Military Keynesianism - Answer-Economic policy that advocates military spending in
order to boost economy. Increase military spending to create jobs, education
opportunities, generate advanced technology and new infrastructure.
First Strike Capability - Answer-a country's ability to defeat another nuclear power by
destroying its arsenal to the point where the attacking country can survive the
weakened retaliation while the opposing side is left unable to continue war.
Second Strike Capability - Answer-a state's capacity to retaliate after absorbing an
adversary's first-strike attack with weapons of mass destruction
minimum deterrence - Answer-a nuclear strategy requiring only a second-strike
capability that can be achieved with a relatively small nuclear stockpile
existential deterrence - Answer-the belief that possession of a single nuclear warhead is
sufficient to deter an adversary from attacking
Weapons Proliferation - Answer-The spread of weapons and weapons systems to
countries not previously possessing them (horizontal proliferation) or the accumulation
of more and more weapons or weapons systems by particular countries (vertical
proliferation)
, Security Dilemma - Answer-A dilemma that arises when efforts that states make to
defend themselves cause other states to feel less secure. This dilemma can lead to
arms races and war due to fear of being attacked.
Prisoner's Dilemma - Answer-A situation in which two (or more) actors cannot agree to
cooperate for fear that the other will find its interest best served by reneging on an
agreement.
Tit-for-tat - Answer-involves playing cooperatively at first, then doing whatever the other
player did in the previous period
Brinkmanship - Answer-the willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to
back down
Unconventional Conflict - Answer-conflicts that do not take the form of mass armies
engaging one another on the battlefield, or the traditional air- and sea-based military
operations that support them
Guerrilla warfare - Answer-operations conducted by paramilitary forces in enemy-held
territory
Global Terrorism - Answer-the systematic use of violence—often suicidal violence—for
political ends, acts intended to produce fear that will change attitudes and behavior
toward governments and their policies
State Terrorism - Answer-Government use of terror tactics against their own populations
to gain or increase political control through the manipulation of fear.
state-sponsored terrorism - Answer-international terrorist activity conducted by state
officials or, more often, the support of terrorist groups through the provision of arms,
training, safe haven, or financial backing.
levels of analysis - Answer-Decision Makers, Domestic Society, and International
System
Actors in World Politics - Answer-NGOs, Government groups, IOs, and International
NGOs
Liberalism - Answer-System : Anarchic with elements of order supported by rules and
laws
Actors: Nation-States and nonstate actors
Interaction: competitive, sometimes conflictual, often cooperative
Realism - Answer-System: Anarchic self-help, order through distribution of power
Actors: Nation-States, other actors derive power from state
Interaction: competitive, often conflictual, cooperative when serving short term benefit
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