IB Global Politics Development Unit Summary: Theories, Concepts, and Case Studies
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Course
IB Global Politics
Institution
IB Global Politics
This is a detailed summary of the IB global politics development unit, including full explanations of the different development theories, key definitions, common measures of development, and case study concepts to utilize.
The document contains everything needed to gain a deep understanding of ...
Global Politics Development Unit Summary + Takeaways + Case Study Concepts
Summary notes utilizing the Pearson IB 2015 Diploma Global Politics Essentials textbook
Theories Overview
Dependency Theory: Argues that integration into the global capitalist system can perpetuate unequal
power relations, leading to the exploitation and underdevelopment of countries in the periphery.
● Originating from World Systems Theory, it emphasizes the unequal power dynamics that exist
between industrialized and developing nations, emphasizing how the latter rely on the former for
economic progress
- Suggests underdeveloped and newly independent states are locked into an unequal system of
global trade, in which rich countries are set to benefit more at cost of poorer countries
- Suggests there exists ‘center’ and ‘periphery states within the world system
- The center consists of former colonial powers and Western industrialized countries
- Periphery consists of newly independent developing countries
- Centre became rich by exploiting periphery countries and have an interest in maintaining this
unequal relationship to remain dominant in the world
- Development of industrialized West was based on exploitation of others, making it difficult for
periphery to ‘catch up’, unlike in modernization
World Systems Theory: Suggests that integration into the global capitalist system often relegates certain
countries to the role of suppliers of raw materials and cheap labor, leading to dependency and hindering
their development.
Neoliberalism: Asserts that integration into the global capitalist system fosters economic growth through
market mechanisms, deregulation, and privatization, ultimately leading to development. “It assumes that
the free market is the most fair and efficient way to foster economic growth and development (Pearson)”.
Government interference is seen as negative and as having “negative long-term consequences on
development. Encouraging free enterprise by intervening in the economy as little as possible fosters
healthy competition, in turn leading to sustainable long term growth and development” (Pearson).
● Asserts the amount a state spends on welfare and public services like health care should become
smaller to encourage economic productivity through working citizens
● Neoliberal policies are designed to boost efficiency, competitiveness, and personal accountability
in order to stimulate economic growth.
● Global development policies have been shaped by neoliberalism, frequently with the help of
organizations like the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund.
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