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UTAH SFO FINAL QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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UTAH SFO FINAL QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
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SFO TEST 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONSWITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
ProbableaCausea-
aans✔✔Sufficientareasonabasedauponaknownafactsatoabelieveaaacrimeahasabeenacommitted
aorathatacertainapropertyaisaconnectedawithaaacrime
ReasonableaSuspiciona-
aans✔✔Thatalevelaofasuspicionathatawouldacauseaaareasonableaperson,aunderatheacircumst
ancesatoabelieveathatacriminalaactivityahasaoccurredaoraisaoccurring
VoluntaryaEncountersa-
aans✔✔Levela1aencounter.aCananotamakeademandsaandamustabeafree/
voluntary.aKnockaandatalks,atalkingatoaanyoneaonatheastreetavoluntarily.
Whenacanaanaofficerasearchaforaweapons?a-
aans✔✔Whenatheyacanaarticulateasuspicionathatatheapersonahasaweaponsaandaposesaaathr
eatatoatheaofficeraoraothers.
DetentionaoraStopa-
aans✔✔Aapeaceaofficeramayastopaanyaindividualainaaapublicaplaceawhenatheaofficerahasaaare
asonableasuspicionatoabelieveatheaindividualahasacommittedaoraisainatheaactaofacommittingao
raisaattemptingatoacommitaaapublicaoffenseaandamayademandatheaindividual'saname,aaddres
s,adateaofabirth,aandaanaexplanationaofatheaindividual'saactions.
TerryaStopa-
aans✔✔Allowsatheapoliceatoabrieflyadetainaaapersonabasedaonareasonableasuspicionaofainvo
lvementainacriminalaactivity.aReasonableasuspicionaisaaalowerastandardathanatheaprobableac
auseawhichaisaneededaforaanaarrest.aWhenapoliceastopaandasearchaaapedestrian,athisaisaco
mmonlyaknownaasaaastopaandafrisk.
Demandsaduringadetainmenta-aans✔✔Name
Address
DOB
Explanationaforaconduct
Timealimitsaforadetainmenta-aans✔✔Aareasonableaamountaofatime
Dependsaonatheacomplexityaanda
theaseriousnessaofatheacrime
Friska-aans✔✔Outerapatdownaofaclothing
Whataisatheapurposeaofaaafrisk?a-aans✔✔OfficeraSafety
,Whenacanaanaofficerasearchaforaaaweapon?a-
aans✔✔Whenatheaofficerareasonablyabelievesaheaoraanyaotherapersonaisainadanger.
Consentasearcha-
aans✔✔Aasearchabasedauponareasonableasuspicion.aConsentamustabeagivenabyatheaperso
nawhoahasalegalaauthorityaofawhatamayabe.
Incidentalatoaarresta-
aans✔✔Searchaisastrictlyajustifiedabyatheacircumstancesaforawhichatheaarrestawasamade.aSe
archamayabeamadeaofatheapersonaandatheaareaainawhichatheapersonawas.
Searchawarranta-
aans✔✔Judicialadocumentaauthorizingapoliceatoasearchaaapersonaoraplaceatoaobtainaeviden
ce.aAffidavitaisasubmittedatoaaajudgeaoramagistrateatoaestablishaprobableacauseathatatheasea
rchawillayieldaevidencearelatedatoaaacrime
Plainaviewa-
aans✔✔Aasearchamayabeamadeaifaevidenceaofacriminalaactivityacanabeaseenawithoutaentryao
rasearchaex:aSmellaHearaSightaFeelaTaste
Exigentacircumstancesa-
aans✔✔Alsoaknownaasaemergencyaconditionsaareacircumstancesathatawouldacauseaaareas
onableaofficeratoabelieveaentryaorasearchawasanecessaryatoapreventaphysicalaharmatoaoffice
rsaoraothersaor;aTheadestructionaofarelevantaevidenceaoratheaescapeaofaaasuspectawouldaocc
uraifatheasearchaoraentryawasanotamade
Searcha-aans✔✔Doesatheacitizenahaveaaareasonableaexpectationaofaprivacy?
aIfayesathataisaaasearchaandaifanotathenaitaisanotaaasearch.a
Enteringaaahome
Openingaaadoor
PlaceaGPSatracker
Openingacaradoor
Takingabloodaoradna
Lookingaatacellaphone
4thaAmendmenta-
aans✔✔Thearightaofatheapeopleatoabeasecureainatheirapersons,ahouses,apapers,aandaeffects,
aagainstaunreasonableasearchesaandaseizures,ashallanotabeaviolated,aandanoaWarrantsasha
llaissue,abutauponaprobableacause,asupportedabyaOathaoraaffirmation,aandaparticularlyadesc
ribingatheaplaceatoabeasearched,aandatheapersonsaorathingsatoabeaseized.
ExclusionaryaRulea-
aans✔✔Evidenceaobtainedathroughaillegalaconductaorabyaillegalameansamayabeasuppresse
daandanotaallowedatoabeausedainacourt
, SupermanaRulea-
aans✔✔Officersacanauseaanyaitemaoratechnologyaavailableatoatheageneralapublicatoaenhanc
eatheirasenses.aThisaincludesaflashlights,aK-
9s,abinoculars.aWhataanaofficeracanaseeahearaorasmellawhereatheaofficerahasaaalegalarightatoa
be.
Openafieldadoctrinea-
aans✔✔Permitsapoliceaofficersatoaenteraandasearchaaafieldawithoutaaawarrant.aMayaincludea
anyaunoccupiedaoraundevelopedaareaaoutsideaofatheacurtilageaofatheahome
PrivateaIndividualsa-
aans✔✔Constitutionaonlyagivesayouaprivacyafromagovernment,anotaprivate aindividuals. aUnl
essaaagovernmentaactoracannotadirectaaaprivateaindividualatoaviolateasomeone'sarights.
Levela1aEncountera-
aans✔✔Voluntary:aAareasonableapersonainatheasuspect'sapossessionawouldafeelafreeatoalea
ve
Levela2aEncountera-
aans✔✔InvestigativeaDetention:aOfficerahasareasonableaarticulableasuspicionaofacriminalaa
ctivity.aTheasuspectaisanotafreeatoaleave.aTheseacanaonlyalastalongaenoughaforatheaofficeratoa
confirmaoradispelatheirasuspicion.
ReasonableaArticulableaSuspiciona-
aans✔✔Reasonatoabelieveacriminalaactivityamayabeaafoot.
Levela3aEncountera-
aans✔✔Arrest:aOfficeramustahaveaprobableacauseaofaaacriminalaviolation
ExceptionsatoatheaSearchaWarrantaRequirementa-aans✔✔1.aConsent
2.aSearchaincidentatoaarresta
3.aTerryaFriska
4.aExigentaCircumstances
5.aInventorya
6.aSchool
7.aSpecialaneeds
JusticeaofatheaPeaceaCourtsa-
aans✔✔Hasajurisdictionaover:aClassaBaandaCaMisdemeanors, aInfractions,aTrafficaoffensesa
committedabyajuvenilesabetweenatheaagesaofa16aanda18.
Exceptions:aAutomobileaHomicide,
DUI,aJoyriding,aRecklessadriving,aEvadingaanaofficer.a
SmallaClaims,aciviladisputesaundera$11,000.00a(toaincludeaattorneyafees)athataoccurawithinat
heageographicaareaaofatheacourt
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