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EPPP QUESTIONS RESEARCH AND STATISTICS ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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EPPP QUESTIONS RESEARCH AND STATISTICS ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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EPPP QUESTIONS RESEARCH ANDSTATISTICS ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
R squared is the:
a. coefficient of multiple determination
b. coefficient of stability
c. coefficient of internal consistency
d. silver character on "Star Wars" - ANSWER a. coefficient of multiple determination
When data points are widely scattered around a regression line, this indicates:
a. low homoscedasticity
b. low correlation coefficient
c. low heteroscedasticity
d. high heteroscedasticity - ANSWER b. low correlation coefficient
Heteroscedasticity - ANSWER The scatter is uneven (unequal) at different points on the regression line.
For example, there might be high variability around the regression line at low X (predictor) values and
low variability around the line at high X values. It is different amounts of scatter, but not high scatter
A psychologist in a hospital is conducting research designed to assess the effects of a new drug on the
social behavior of psychotic patients. Which of the following would be the best way to decrease
experimenter bias in this type of study?
a. randomized block design
b. a Solomon four-group design
c. counterbalancing
d. a double-blind study - ANSWER d. a double blind study
Which of the following is a measure of "amount of variability accounted for"?
a. Cohen's d
b. F-ratio
,c. alpha
d. eta squared - ANSWER d. eta squared
Alpha - ANSWER Level of significance set by a researcher prior to analyzing data
Cohen's d - ANSWER Used as an index of effect size, but it is a measure of the mean difference between
two groups.
F-ratio - ANSWER Statistic calculated when using the analysis of variance
The eta coefficient would be used to
a. estimate the strength of a nonlinear relationship between two continuous variables
b. estimate the strength of the relationship between two rank-ordered variables
c. estimate the strength of the relationship between two dichotomous variables
d. estimate the strength of the relationship between a dichotomous variable and a continuous variable -
ANSWER a. estimate the strength of a nonlinear relationship between two continuous variables.
The most common correlation coefficient - ANSWER Pearson r
Pearson r - ANSWER Used to measure the relationship between two continuous variables that are
related in a linear way
Note: eta is used when there is a nonlinear relationship
Phi Coefficient - ANSWER Can be used to measure the correlation between two dichotomous variables
(i.e, variables that can take one of two values)
Point-Bisceral Correlation - ANSWER Used to measure the correlation between a dichotomous variable
and a continuous variable.
Spearmena's rho - ANSWER Used to measure the correlation between two sets of ranked data
,You have conducted a study to assess the relationship between salary and job performance, and you find
a significant correlation between these two variables. You assistant tells you that the data fail to take into
account a $25.00 cost of living raise that every empoyee received. You should:
a. assume the correlation will not be affected
b. not be concerned since the added amount is too small to make a significant difference
c. decide that the raise invalidated the research
d. reanalyze the data after the raises have been added to the current salaries. - ANSWER a. assume the
correlation will not be affected
Note that you are adding a constant to each score in one of both data sets does not change the
relationship
A psychological researcher would like to determine what variables best distinguish between patients
who benefit from psychotherapy and patients who do not. To identify these variables, the research
would most likely use which of the following?
a. canonical correlation
b. factor analysis
c. MANOVA
d. discriminant function analysis - ANSWER d.
Factor Analysis - ANSWER Used to reduce variability in a set of variables to a smaller set of unobserved
variables, or factors. For example, factor analysis might be used to confirm a theory that score
differences on a variety of intelligence measures can be explained in terms of two factors, verbal
intelligence and performance intelligence.
Discriminant function analysis - ANSWER Used to identify variables that distinguish between two or
more existing or naturally occurring groups. It would involve collecting data on a variety fo measures and
determining which combination of them best predict differences between groups.
Canonical Correlation - ANSWER Technique for assessing the relationship between two sets of variables:
used to assess the relationship between multiple predictor and multiple criterion variables
MANOVA - ANSWER -Used in research studies to evaluate the effects of one or more independent
variables on multiple (two or more) dependent variables
-a type of ANOVA used when two or more dependent variables are included in the study
, -all of the dependent vairables should be measured on a ratio or interval scale
A researcher inquires about the subjects' performance expectations and beliefs about the purpose of the
study at the conclusion of the experiment. The researcher finds the subjects actual performance is
consistent with their beliefs about expectations when analyzing data. The results of the study may be
confounded by:
a. changing criteria
b. carryover effects
c. demand characteristics
d. the Hawthorne Effect - ANSWER c. Demand Characteristics
Demand Characteristics - ANSWER Unintentional cues in the experimental environment or manipulation
that affect or account for the results of the study. Subjects may have acted in ways consistent with their
expectations rather than simply in response to the experimental manipulation
Hawthorne Effect - ANSWER Occurs when research subjects act differently because of the novelty of the
situation and the special attention they receive as research participants.
Carryover Effects - ANSWER Occur in repeated measures designs when the effects of one treatment have
an impact on the effects of subsequent treatments.
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of repeated measures designs?
a. practice effects
b. carryover effects
c. autocorrelation
d. multicollinearity - ANSWER d. multicollinearity
Repeated Measures Design AKA - ANSWER within-subjects design
Repeated Measures Design - ANSWER An experiment using a within-groups design in which participants
respond to a dependent variable more than once, after exposure to each level of the independent
variable.
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