PSCI 1101 Midterm 2 Test Questions and Answers All Correct
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Course
PSCI 1101
Institution
PSCI 1101
PSCI 1101 Midterm 2 Test Questions and Answers All Correct
Mass Associations - Answer-IG that have a large number of dues-paying individuals as members
Peak Associations - Answer-IG whose members are businesses or other organizations rather than individuals
Collective Action Problem - Answer...
PSCI 1101 Midterm 2 Test Questions
and Answers All Correct
Mass Associations - Answer-IG that have a large number of dues-paying individuals as
members
Peak Associations - Answer-IG whose members are businesses or other organizations
rather than individuals
Collective Action Problem - Answer-a situation in which the members of a group would
benefit by working together to produce some outcome, but each individual is better off
refusing to cooperate and reaping benefits from those who do the work
*Free Rider Problem
Solidarity Benefits - Answer-satisfaction derived from the experience of working with
like-minded people even if the group efforts do not achieve the desired impact
Purposive Benefits - Answer-satisfaction derived from the experience of working toward
a desired policy goal, even if the goal is not achieved
Coercion - Answer-a method of eliminating non-participation or free riding by potential
group members by requiring participation, as in many labor unions
Selective Incentives - Answer-benefits that can motivate participation in a group effort
because they are available only to those who participate, such a member services
offered by IG
Inside Strategies - Answer-the tactics employed within Washington D.C. by IG seeking
to achieve their goals
Outside Strategies - Answer-the tactics employed outside D.C. by IG seeking to achieve
their goals
Direct Lobbying - Answer-attempts by IG staff to influence policy by speaking with
elected officials or bureaucrats
Grassroots Lobbying - Answer-relies on participation by group members, such as a
protest or a letter-writing campagin
Astroturf Lobbying - Answer-initiated by an IG that is designed to look like the
spontaneous, independent participation of many individuals
, 501(c)(3) Organization - Answer-a tax code classified that applies to most IG; this
designation makes donation to the group tax deductible but limits the group's potential
activities
George Gallup - Answer-Citizens express their will, polling is a modern version of the
New England town meeting
-Polling shows candiates the gov officials what people want and ensures participation in
politics
Richard Morin - Answer--basis of poll questions can be biased and can affect the
outcome of a poll
-question wording can sway outcomes
EX: Clinton impeachment
Markus Prior - Answer--gap b/w ignorant and informed is growing with more and more
media outlets (entertainment and news seeking)
-Aggregate amount of knowledge is the same but little political awareness is needed in
a large scale democracy b/c votes average out
Paul Starr - Answer--Newspaper industry can be saved by increased reliance on
philanthropic support
-Newspapers bring a sense of community/togetherness
-Hold Gov accountable and expose corruption (news staff is subsidized)
-Profit for papers must be abandoned in favor of a model in which philanthropy
subsidizes one news
James Fallows - Answer--Three Pillars of Online Business: distribution, engagement,
monetization
-Internet = variety/accessibility, customization in what news you see - ability to filter
news
-new media and old media are mutually independent
-suggests experimentation
V.O. Key Jr. - Answer--influenced by images and cultivation of style rather than
substance of politics
-electorate behaves as rationally and responsibility as we expect, all about voting
decision, electorate makes sensible decisions based upon concern for public policy,
performance of gov and personalities of candidates
-voters are not fools, low level of knowledge leads to rapid opinion shifts on issues,
"followers" are inclined to rally support for the president no matter what he does
-the voice of the people is manipulated by candidates and parties scrambling for support
Louis Menand - Answer-1. Elections are more or less random events in which a large
bloc of voters responds to slogans, misinformation, sensational news, random personal
associations and "gotchas"
2. Voter decisions are guided by elite opinion
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