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Immunology and Serology (Review) questions with correct answers 2024/2025
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Immunology and Serology (Review) questions with correct answers 2024/2025
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Immunology and Serology (Review)Humoral adaptive immunity - ANStype of adaptive immunity involving B cells and antibodies
Cellular adaptive immunity - ANStype of adaptive immunity involving T cells and lymphokines
IgG - ANSClass of immunoglobulin with the greatest concentration in serum (75%)
Antibody class capable of crossing the placenta
IgM - ANSLargest antibody (pentamer), fixes complement best
Antibody class associated with early/primary immune response
IgA - ANSpredominant antibody in body secretions
IgE - ANSantibody class associated with allergies; triggers release of histamine from mass cells
T cells - ANSDevelop in thymus
Comprise 60-80% of circulating lymphs
CD2+ CD3+
T helper cells - ANSCD4+
T suppressor cells and T cytotoxic cells - ANSCD8+
B cells - ANSDevelop in bone marrow
Comprise 10-20% of circulating lymphs
CD19+ CD20+
Natural killer cells - ANSCD16+ CD56+
hybridoma - ANScell created by the fusion of myeloma (cancerous) cells with plasma cells to
produce monoclonal antibodies
classical pathway - ANStype of complement cascade activated by IgG or IgM immune
complexes
alternative pathway - ANStype of complement cascade activated by LPS or polysaccharide
capsules
Mg2+ and Ca2+ - ANSions required in the complement cascade
Type 1 - ANSanaphylactive, immediate hypersensitivity rxn associated with IgE and mast cells
, Type 1 hypersensitivity - ANShypersensitivity rxn: bee sting, hay fever, asthma
Type 2 - ANSantibody dependent cytotoxity hypersentsitivity rxn
Type 2 hypersensitivity - ANShypersensitivity rxn: txn rxn, autoimmune hemolytic anemia,
Hasimoto's Thyroiditis
Type 3 - ANSimmune complex hypersensitivity rxn
Type 3 hypersensitivity - ANShypersensitivity rxn: RA, SLE, serum sickness
Type 4 - ANSdelayed hypersensitivity rxn
Type 4 hypersensitivity - ANShypersensitivity rxn: contact dermatitis, TB, leprosy, GVHD
prozone - ANSportion of antibody: antigen curve when ANTIBODY is in excess
postzone - ANSportion of antibody: antigen curve when ANTIGEN is in excess
immunoelectrophoresis - ANSmethod used to determine quantity of serum proteins and Bence
Jones proteins in urine
immunofixation - ANSmethod used to classify monoclonal gammopathies; determine heavy
(IgG, IgM, IgA) and light chains (kappa or lambda) involved
Flow cytometry - ANSmethod of choice for B and T cell analysis
sensitivity - ANSability of a test to give positive results if the patient has the disease (no false
negative results)
specificity - ANSability of a test to give negative results if patient does not have the disease (no
false positives)
Treponema pallidum - ANSVDRL, RPR, FTA-Abs, Darkfield microscopy are used in the
diagnosis of this organism
anti-I or anti-i - ANStype of antibody involved in cold agglutinin disease
Infectious Mononucleosis - ANSTesting for heterophile antibodies is used in the diagnosis of
_________________.
Recent or current infection with EBV (Infectious Mono.) - ANS- IgM anti-VCA
- Anti-EA
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