NURSING FUNDAMENTALS NSG 122 EXAM 4 NEWEST VERSION
2024-2025 EXPECTED QUESTION AND CORRECT ANSWER FROM
VERIFIED SOURCES RATED A GRADE.
What is the role of the skeletal system? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔1. Supports the
soft tissues of the body.
2. Protects crucial components of the body.
3. Furnishes surfaces for the attachment of muscles, tendons and
ligaments
4. Provides storage areas for minerals and fat.
5. Produces blood cells.
Why is it important to maintain correct body alignment?
✔✔ANSWER✔✔To prevent undue strain on the joints, muscles,
tendons, or ligaments and involves the skeletal, muscular, and nervous
systems.
What does the nervous system do? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Stimulates muscles
to contract which produces purposeful movement.
Do the Endocrine and respiratory system have an active role in
maintaining body alignment? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔No they do not.
,What are the joint movements? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Abduction - away from
midline of the body
Adduction - towards midline of the body
Circumduction - circular motion
Flexion - bending of a joint
Extension - extension of a joint
Hyperextension - forceful extension of limb or joint
Dorsiflexion - toes towards the head
Plantar flexion - toes away from head
Rotation - rotating around an axis or center
Internal rotation- towards midline of body
External rotation - away from midline of body
Supination - palm is facing up
Pronation - palm is facing down
Inversion - point foot inward
Eversion - point foot outward
What are the types of joints? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Ball-and-socket: hip +
femur
Condyloid: metacarpal + phalanx
Gliding: tarsal joints of the ankle
Hinge: Humerus + ulna
Pivot: Vertebrae
, Saddle: metacarpal + carpal
What are the three types of muscle? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔cardiac muscle,
smooth (visceral) muscle, skeletal muscle
What are the important functions of muscles? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Motion,
Maintenance of posture, support and heat production.
What are the effects of Nervous System on Muscle Contraction?
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Neurons conduct impulses from one part of the body
to another.
-The afferent nervous system conveys information to the CNS.
-Information is processed by the CNS leading to a response.
-The efferent neurons convey the response from the CNS to skeletal
muscles by way of the somatic nervous system.
What are the postural reflexes? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔Labyrinthine sense
Proprioceptor or kinesthetic sense
Visual or optic reflexes
What factors can influence mobility? ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Developmental
considerations
-Physical health
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