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HDEV CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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HDEV CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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HDEV CHAPTER 1 QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
developmental psychology - ANSWER seeks to understand how and why people-all kinds of people,
everywhere- change or remain the same over time
Developmental study is a science and includes - ANSWER theories
data
analysis
critical thinking
sound methodology
connections between time and change - ANSWER each stage is better understood by remembering the
whole life & the whole life is best understood by knowing each stage
Nature - ANSWER refers to the influence of genes we inherit
Nurture - ANSWER refers to environmental influences: health, family, school, community, society
Nature vs. Nurture question - ANSWER Which is it? BOTH. It's a dynamic interaction
Continuous perspective - ANSWER a process where effects of learning increase steadily (no sudden
qualitative changes)
Discontinuous perspective - ANSWER a number of rapid qualitative changes (i.e. stages of development)
Active perspective - ANSWER children are naturally engaged in their development
Passive perspective - ANSWER children are passive and the environment acts on them to influence
development
Multicontextual - ANSWER lives take places in many contexts- economic, family, historical conditions
Developmental psychology studies development of humans in the following fields - ANSWER physical
cognitive
emotional and social
Epigenetics - ANSWER environment and genes interact; choices make a difference; i.e. alcoholism or
depression
Developmental study as a science is - ANSWER based on objective evidence
laden with subjective perceptions
Why is the scientific method used? - ANSWER to avoid distortions of unexamined opinions and to control
the biases of personal experience
, What is the importance of replication? - ANSWER If results can not be replicated, results are not
true/accurate
What are the four ways to test a hypothesis? - ANSWER Observation
Experiment
Survey
Case Study
Observations - ANSWER Record behavior systematically and objectively. They:
*occur in a natural setting
*are unobtrusive
*can be in a lab or from data
What are the two types of observation? - ANSWER Naturalistic and Laboratory
What is naturalistic observation? - ANSWER Researchers observe
and record behavior in its natural setting, without attempting to influence or control it.
What is laboratory observation? - ANSWER Researchers can exert more control and use more precise
equipment to measure responses.
What does observation provide? - ANSWER provides issues to explore, not proof
Experiment - ANSWER The only research method that can identify cause-effect relationships
undergoes a treatment to determine a behavior change
Independent variable - ANSWER imposed treatment or special condition
dependent variable - ANSWER specific behavior being studied
experimental group - ANSWER is given a particular treatment
control group - ANSWER does not get the treatment
Survey - ANSWER information is collected from a large number of people by interview, questionnaires, or
other means.
Sample - ANSWER part of the population that is studied
Why is it hard to acquire valid survey data? - ANSWER Some people lie, some change their minds.
Survey answers are influenced by the wording and the sequence of the questions
Case Study - ANSWER Intensive study of one individual or situation (past history, current thoughts, future
plans)
Can provide unanticipated insight
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