,1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common sign of
dehydration in pediatric patients?
A) Bradycardia
B) Tachypnea
C) Increased urine output
D) Sunken fontanelles
Correct Answer: D) Sunken fontanelles
Rationale: In pediatric patients, sunken fontanelles are a clinical
sign of dehydration due to the loss of fluid volume affecting the
turgor of the skin covering the fontanelles.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: The most effective initial management for a
pediatric patient with mild persistent asthma is ________.
Correct Answer: Inhaled corticosteroids
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids are the recommended first-line
treatment for children with mild persistent asthma to control
symptoms and prevent exacerbations.
, Rationale: While petechiae can be associated with bacterial
infections such as meningococcemia, they can also occur in viral
infections or non-infectious conditions like thrombocytopenia.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the following
are recognized side effects of amoxicillin in children?
A) Diarrhea
B) Jaundice
C) Rash
D) Vomiting
E) Constipation
Correct Answers: A) Diarrhea, C) Rash, D) Vomiting
Rationale: Diarrhea, rash, and vomiting are common side effects
of amoxicillin due to its impact on the gastrointestinal flora and
potential for allergic reactions.
5. Multiple Choice: A 6-year-old patient presents with a barky
cough, stridor, and hoarseness. The most likely diagnosis is:
A) Asthma
B) Croup
C) Bronchiolitis
D) Epiglottitis
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