A&P 1 - Exam 1 - Chapters 1-3
Cumulative Review Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 |
Graded A+
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
To produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for cellular activities.
How does the str...
A&P 1 - Exam 1 - Chapters 1-3
Cumulative Review Questions and
Answers | Latest Version | 2024/2025 |
Graded A+
What is the primary function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
✔✔ To produce ATP through cellular respiration, providing energy for cellular activities.
How does the structure of the plasma membrane contribute to its function?
✔✔ The plasma membrane's phospholipid bilayer and embedded proteins regulate the movement
of substances in and out of the cell.
What are the four primary tissue types in the human body?
✔✔ Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissues.
How do enzymes function as biological catalysts?
1
,✔✔ Enzymes lower the activation energy required for biochemical reactions, thereby increasing
the reaction rate.
What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?
✔✔ Ribosomes facilitate the translation of mRNA into amino acid sequences, forming proteins.
What are the main stages of the cell cycle?
✔✔ Interphase (which includes G1, S, and G2 phases) and Mitotic phase (which includes mitosis
and cytokinesis).
How does the structure of DNA support its function in heredity?
✔✔ DNA's double-helix structure and base-pairing rules enable accurate replication and
transmission of genetic information.
What is the difference between passive and active transport mechanisms?
2
,✔✔ Passive transport requires no energy and relies on concentration gradients, while active
transport requires energy to move substances against their gradients.
What is the significance of the sodium-potassium pump in maintaining cellular function?
✔✔ The sodium-potassium pump maintains the electrochemical gradient by actively transporting
sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell.
How does the structure of a neuron facilitate its function?
✔✔ The neuron's long axon and branched dendrites enable efficient transmission of electrical
signals over long distances.
What is the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in cellular metabolism?
✔✔ The endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and proteins, and transports them to other
parts of the cell.
3
, How do tight junctions contribute to tissue integrity?
✔✔ Tight junctions form barriers between cells, preventing the leakage of extracellular fluids
and maintaining tissue integrity.
What are the primary functions of the skeletal system?
✔✔ The skeletal system provides support, facilitates movement, protects internal organs, stores
minerals and lipids, and produces blood cells.
How do the structures of the three types of muscle tissue differ?
✔✔ Skeletal muscle is striated and voluntary, cardiac muscle is striated and involuntary, and
smooth muscle is non-striated and involuntary.
What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?
✔✔ The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or
delivery to other organelles.
4
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