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Diamond & Diamond Grading Exam/469 Complete Q’s and A’s
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Diamond & Diamond Grading Exam/469 Complete Q’s and A’s
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Diamond & Diamond Grading Exam/469Complete Q’s and A’s
Abrasion (Abr) - -A series of minute nicks along the facet junctions of a
fashioned diamond; gives the edges a white or fuzzy appearance.
(Assignment 10)
-Adamantine luster - -The highest degree of luster possible in a transparent
material. (Assignment 8)
-Aggregate - -A solid mass of individual, randomly oriented crystals,
intergrown or held together by a natural binding agent. (Assignment 7)
-Alluvial deposit - -A deposit where gems are eroded from their source rock,
then transported away from the source and further concentrated.
(Assignment 5)
-Angle of incidence - -The angle at which a ray of light strikes a surface,
measured from the normal. (Assignment 8)
-Angle of reflection - -The angle between the normal and a reflected ray of
light. (Assignment 8)
-Annealing - -Using heat to stabilize irradiated color in gemstones.
(Assignment 12)
-Appraisal - -An estimation of the value of an article, usually for insurance
purposes. (Assignment 1)
-Average girdle diameter - -The result achieved by adding the smallest and
largest girdle measurements of a round brilliant and dividing by two.
(Assignment 14)
-Bast - -Frosted rough diamond. "Bark" in Dutch. (Assignment 9)
-Bearded Girdle (BG) - -Very small feathers that extend from the girdle
surface into the stone; can result from the cutting process. (Assignment 10)
-Belly - -The slightly curving center of the long side of a pear, marquise,
heart, or oval. (Assignment 16)
, -Beneficiation - -A commitment to reserve a portion of the resources
derived from any country for the economic development of that country.
(Assignment 3)
-Best Practices Principles (BPP) - -De Beers' formalized commitment of itself
and its sightholders to the highest ethical standards. (Assignment 3)
-Blemish - -Clarity characteristic that's confined to the surface of a polished
gemstone. (Assignment 10)
-Block caving - -Underground mining that involves building a concrete-lined
tunnel under an ore deposit, then collecting the ore through openings in the
liner. (Assignment 6)
-Blocking - -Placing the first 17 or 18 facets on a diamond. (Assignment 9)
-Bow-tie - -A dark area across the center of an elongated brilliant cut.
(Assignment 16)
-Brick-and-mortar retailer - -A traditional store consisting of walls and a
fixed location. (Assignment 3)
-Brightness - -The effect of all the diamond's internal and external
reflections of white light. (Assignment 8)
-Brilliant cut - -A cutting style in which triangular and kite-shaped facets
radiate from a gem's center toward its girdle. (Assignment 16)
-Brillianteering - -Placement and polishing of the star and upper and lower
girdle facets. (Assignment 9)
-Bruise (Br) - -A tiny area of impact accompanied by very small, root-like
feathers visible at 10X magnification; typically occurs at a facet junction.
(Assignment 10)
-Bruting - -Forming the basic face-up outline of a diamond to prepare it for
faceting. (Assignment 9)
-Bulk sampling - -Large-scale character sampling. (Assignment 5)
-Burn Marks (Brn) - -Hazy surface areas that result from excessive heat or
from uneven polishing caused by structural irregularities; also called polish
marks or burned facets. (Assignment 10)
-Cavity (Cv) - -An angular opening created when part of a feather breaks
away. (Assignment 10)
, -Central Selling Organisation (CSO) - -An agency designed to purchase, sort,
evaluate, and sell rough diamonds. (Assignment 2)
-Character sampling - -Testing for the size, shape, clarity, and color of the
diamonds in a deposit. (Assignment 5)
-Characteristic color - -The basic color of a fancy-colored diamond.
(Assignment 13)
-Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) - -An industrial process adapted to allow
growth of synthetic diamond from carbon-rich gas in thin layers onto a silicon
or diamond surface. (Assignment 19)
-Chip (Ch) - -A shallow opening caused by damage to the stone's surface;
typically occurs at a girdle edge, facet junction, or culet. (Assignment 10)
-Clarity characteristic - -Internal or external feature of a gemstone that
helps determine its quality and establish its identity. (Assignment 10)
-Cleavage (Cl) - -Large, severe, straight break along a plane of atomic
weakness; considered an inclusion. (Assignment 10)
-Cleavage plane - -Plane parallel to a possible crystal face, where a
diamond can split cleanly when struck. (Assignment 7)
-Cleaver - -A person who cleaves, or splits, a diamond along a cleavage
plane. The cleaver might also be responsible for planning the fashioning of a
polished gem. (Assignment 9)
-Cleaving - -Dividing a diamond into two or more pieces along a cleavage
plane. (Assignment 9)
-Cloud (Cld) - -Many tightly grouped pinpoints that might be too small to
distinguish individually at 10X but together have a hazy appearance.
(Assignment 10)
-Color center - -Structural defect that influences an object's absorption of
light and can cause its color. (Assignment 12)
-Conflict diamonds - -Diamonds used to finance violence and terror.
(Assignment 3)
-Consignment - -A selection of goods loaned to a dealer by another
wholesaler or manufacturer. (Assignment 20)
, -Core - -Earth's innermost layer. (Assignment 4)
-Covalent bond - -A chemical bond formed by two atoms sharing electrons.
(Assignment 7)
-Craftsmanship - -The care that goes into the fashioning of a polished
diamond, as confirmed by its finish. (Assignment 15)
-Cratons - -Ancient, large, and stable parts of the earth's continental crust.
(Assignment 4)
-Critical angle - -Angle between the normal and the maximum angle of
refraction, which is the largest angle at which rays inside the diamond can
escape. (Assignment 8)
-Cross worker - -A person who performs the cross-working operations during
diamond polishing; sometimes called a cross cutter. (Assignment 9)
-Cross working - -Placing the bezel and pavilion facets on round and fancy
shapes. Sometimes combined with blocking, especially on smaller stones.
Also called cross cutting. (Assignment 9)
-Crown angle - -The angle formed by the bezel facets and the girdle plane.
(Assignment 14)
-Crown height percentage - -The distance from the girdle plane to the table,
expressed as a percentage of average girdle diameter. (Assignment 14)
-Crust - -The surface and outermost layer of the earth. (Assignment 4)
-Crystal - -Solid matter with atoms arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.
(Assignment 7)
-Crystal (Xtl) - -A mineral crystal contained in a diamond. (Assignment 10)
-Crystal planes - -Internal directions parallel to a mineral's unit cell surfaces.
(Assignment 7)
-Crystal shape (form) - -Geometric shape of a well-formed crystal.
(Assignment 7)
-Crystal structure (lattice) - -Regular, repeating arrangement of atoms in a
mineral. (Assignment 7)
-Crystal systems - -Categories of crystals based on their symmetry and
internal structure. (Assignment 7)
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