Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) correct answers -Restores FRC
-Similar to PEEP
-Pressure delivered continuously during spontaneous breathing (during inspiration & expiration)
-Helps pt maintain open alveoli to promote gas exchange & improve oxygenation
-Helpful for pts who retain CO2...
CPAP & BiPAP/Complications PP || A+ Guaranteed.
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) correct answers -Restores FRC
-Similar to PEEP
-Pressure delivered continuously during spontaneous breathing (during inspiration & expiration)
-Helps pt maintain open alveoli to promote gas exchange & improve oxygenation
-Helpful for pts who retain CO2
CPAP more info correct answers -Used to treat obstructive sleep apnea
-Administered noninvasively by mask, ET, or tracheal tube
-↑ WOB: use with caution in patients with myocardial compromise
-Pt has to forcibly exhale against the CPAP
BiPAP correct answers -Bilevel positive airway pressure
-Delivers oxygen and two levels of + pressure support
1. Higher inspiratory positive airway pressure
2. Lower expiratory positive airway pressure
BiPAP more info correct answers -Noninvasive
-Via tight-fitting face mask, nasal mask, or nasal pillows
-Patient must be able to breathe spontaneously and cooperate
BiPAP contraindications correct answers -Shock
-Altered mental status
-Increased airway secretions
-Unstable hemodynamic status
-Cardiac dysrhthymias
-Myocardial ischemia
-Unable to get proper mask fit
, Note about eating/drinking with BiPAP correct answers Must wait 1 hour after eating/drinking to
put on BiPAP (to avoid aspiration)
End goals of BiPAP correct answers -Improved oxygenation
-Decreased CO2 retention
-Improved sleep
-Enhanced quality of life
-Reduce morbidity
Nitric oxide correct answers -Gas molecule made up intravascularly
-When we inhibit NO productive, we get pulmonary vasoconstriction
-Continuous inhaled NO → pulmonary vasodilation
-Given via ET tube, tracheostomy, or face mask
-Treat ARDS
-Dx testing for pulmonary hypertension during cardiac cath
-Cardiac surgery
Prone-positioning correct answers -Positioning patient on stomach with face down
-Improves lung recruitment (expansion of alveoli)
-Gravity reverses effects of fluid in dependent parts of lungs
-Heart rests on sternum (away from lungs)→ uniformity of pleural pressures
-Nurse-intensive therapy
Complications of Positive Pressure Ventilation: Cardiovascular system correct answers -↑ Mean
airway pressure transmitted to thoracic cavity → vessels compressed → decreased venous return
to heart
↓Preload
↓Cardiac output
↓ Blood pressure
-Monitor for hypotension & for s/sx of good cardiac output (peripheral pulses, etc)
-PEEP increases effect (anything over 5 cm, puts extra pressure on vessels)
Complications of PPV: Pneumomediastinum correct answers -Rupture of alveoli into lung
interstitium
-Progressive air movement into mediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema
-Diminished/absent breath sounds
-Followed by pneumothorax
-Will see a sudden onset of agitation/cough; changes in BP & ABG's; high pressure alarm
Complications of PPV: Volumtrauma correct answers -Lung injury that occurs when large tidal
are used to ventilate noncompliant lungs
-Alveolar fractures and movement of fluids and proteins into alveolar spaces
-This inhibits gas exchange
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller FullyFocus. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.69. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
