EXAM STUDY MATERIALS 8/7/2024 11:29 AM
TERM 3 TEST 2 STUDY QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS.
ANS: C
The client is experiencing phantom limb pain, which usually manifests as intense burning,
crushing, or cramping. IV infusions of calcitonin during the week after amputation can reduce
phantom limb pain. Opioid analgesics such as morphine are not as effective for phantom limb
pain as they are for residual limb pain. Oral acetaminophen and ibuprofen are not used in treating
phantom limb pain. - answer✔✔A nurse cares for a client recovering from an above-the-knee
amputation of the right leg. The client reports pain in the right foot. Which prescribed medication
should the nurse administer first?
a. Intravenous morphine
b. Oral acetaminophen
c. Intravenous calcitonin
d. Oral ibuprofen
ANS: D
Prematurity, frost bite, environmental exposure, and brain injury are considered exemplars of
hypothermia. Heat exhaustion is an exemplar of hyperthermia. Heat stroke is an exemplar of
hyperthermia. Infection is an exemplar of hyperthermia. - answer✔✔The nurse planning care for
a patient with hypothermia would consider knowledge of similar exemplars including
a. heat exhaustion.
b. heat stroke.
c. infection.
d. prematurity.
ANS: A, C, D
Clinical manifestations of compartment syndrome are caused by several physiologic changes.
Edema is caused by increased capillary permeability, release of histamine, decreased tissue
perfusion, and vasodilation. Unequal pulses are caused by an increased production of lactic acid.
, EXAM STUDY MATERIALS 8/7/2024 11:29 AM
Cyanosis is caused by anaerobic metabolism. Pallor is caused by decreased oxygen to tissues,
and tingling is caused by increased tissue pressure. - answer✔✔A nurse assesses a client with a
cast for potential compartment syndrome. Which clinical manifestations are correctly paired with
the physiologic changes of compartment syndrome? (Select all that apply.)
a. Edema - Increased capillary permeability
b. Pallor - Increased blood blow to the area
c. Unequal pulses - Increased production of lactic acid
d. Cyanosis - Anaerobic metabolism
e. Tingling - A release of histamine
ANS: A, B, D
Postoperative care for a client who has ORIF of the hip includes elevating the client's heels off
the bed and re-positioning every 2 hours to prevent pressure and skin breakdown. It also includes
ambulating the client on the first postoperative day, and using pillows or an abduction pillow to
prevent subluxation of the hip. The nurse should teach the client to use the patient-controlled
analgesia pump, but the nurse should never push the button for the client. - answer✔✔A nurse
plans care for a client who is recovering from open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF)
surgery for a right hip fracture. Which interventions should the nurse include in this client's plan
of care? (Select all that apply.)
a. Elevate heels off the bed with a pillow.
b. Ambulate the client on the first postoperative day.
c. Push the client's patient-controlled analgesia button.
d. Re-position the client every 2 hours.
e. Use pillows to encourage subluxation of the hip.
ANS: A, B, C
The client with a new fracture likely has edema; elevating the extremity and applying ice
probably will help in decreasing pain. Administration of an additional opioid within the dosage
guidelines may be ordered. Heat will increase edema and may increase pain. Dependent
positioning will also increase edema. - answer✔✔A nurse cares for a client with a fracture
injury. Twenty minutes after an opioid pain medication is administered, the client reports pain in
the site of the fracture. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
a. Administer additional opioids as prescribed.
b. Elevate the extremity on pillows.
c. Apply ice to the fracture site.
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d. Place a heating pad at the site of the injury.
e. Keep the extremity in a dependent position.
ANS: D
The client with a healing fracture needs supplements of vitamins B and C and a high-protein,
high-calorie diet. Milk for calcium supplementation and vitamin C supplementation are
appropriate. Meat would increase protein in the diet that is necessary for bone healing. Fish, a
sandwich, and vegetable lasagna would provide less protein. - answer✔✔After teaching a client
with a fractured humerus, the nurse assesses the client's understanding. Which dietary choice
demonstrates that the client correctly understands the nutrition needed to assist in healing the
fracture?
a. Baked fish with orange juice and a vitamin D supplement
b. Bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich with a vitamin B supplement
c. Vegetable lasagna with a green salad and a vitamin A supplement
d. Roast beef with low-fat milk and a vitamin C supplement
ANS: A, B, E
External fixation is a system in which pins or wires are inserted through the skin and bone and
then connected to a ridged external frame. With external fixation, blood loss is less than with
internal fixation, but the risk for infection is much higher. The device allows early ambulation
and exercise, maintains alignment, stabilizes the fracture site, and promotes healing. The device
does not increase blood supply to the tissues. The nurse should assess for distal circulation,
movement, and sensation, which can be disturbed by fracture injuries and treatments. -
answer✔✔A nurse teaches a client with a fractured tibia about external fixation. Which
advantages of external fixation for the immobilization of fractures should the nurse share with
the client? (Select all that apply.)
a. It leads to minimal blood loss.
b. It allows for early ambulation.
c. It decreases the risk of infection.
d. It increases blood supply to tissues.
e. It promotes healing.
ANS: B, C, E
With a pelvic fracture, internal organ damage may result in bleeding and hypovolemic shock.
The nurse monitors the client's heart rate, blood pressure, urine output, skin color, and level of
consciousness frequently to determine whether shock is manifesting. It is important to monitor
the urine for blood to assess whether the urinary system has been damaged with the pelvic
