VCOM OMABS-Medical Anatomy || with 100% Correct Answers.
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Course
VCOM OMABS-Medical Anatomy
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VCOM OMABS-Medical Anatomy
Define muscle origin and insertion and relate these terms to skeletal movements correct answers - origin: the proximal attachment of the muscle
- insertion: the distal attachment/articulation point of the muscle
- As the muscle contracts, it shortens or pulls toward the proximal attachment point
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VCOM OMABS-Medical Anatomy || with 100% Correct
Answers.
Define muscle origin and insertion and relate these terms to skeletal movements correct answers
- origin: the proximal attachment of the muscle
- insertion: the distal attachment/articulation point of the muscle
- As the muscle contracts, it shortens or pulls toward the proximal attachment point
Define and give an example: agonists correct answers - a muscle whose contraction moves a part
of the body directly
- the movement is produced through concentric contraction
- example: biceps brachii
Define and give an example: antagonists correct answers - a muscle that opposes the action of
another muscle; as active movers concentrically contract, antagonists eccentrically contract
coordinately to produce smooth movements
- example: triceps brachii
Define and give an example: synergists correct answers - compliments the actions of a prime
mover; it may directly assist a prime mover or assist indirectly, for example, by being a fixator of
an intervening joint
Define and give an example: fixators correct answers - steadies the proximal parts of a limb
through isometric contraction while movements are occurring in distal parts
- example: serratus anterior muscle
Describe the hierarchy of muscle organization from the cell to organ level correct answers -
microscopic level: sarcomere and myofibrils
- cell level: myoblasts and myofibers
- tissue level: neuromuscular junctions and fascicles
- organ level: major skeletal muscles of the body
Define motor unit correct answers - one neuron connecting with myofibers
Describe the five basic fascicle arrangements that give rise to the basic shape of a molecule
correct answers - multipennate (deltoid)
- bipennate (rectus femoris)
- fusiform (biceps brachii)
-
What are the extrinsic back muscle categories? correct answers - superficial extrinsic (posterior
axio-appendicular muscles)
- scapulohumeral muscles
- intermediate extrinsic back muscles
, What are the muscles in the superficial extrinsic back muscle category/decision? correct answers
- trapezius
- latissimus dorsi
- levator scapulae
- rhomboids
What are the muscles in the scapulohumeral back muscles division? correct answers - deltoid
- supraspinatus
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- teres major
- subscapularis
What are the muscles in the intermediate extrinsic back muscles division? correct answers -
serratus posterior superior muscle
- serratus posterior inferior
What is the organization of the intrinsic muscles? correct answers - superficial layer
- intermediate layer
- deep layer
What are the intrinsic muscles within the superficial layer? correct answers - splenius
- cervicis
- capitis
What are the intrinsic muscles within the intermediate layer? correct answers - erector spinae
(long muscles of the back)
What are the intrinsic muscles within the deep layer? correct answers - transversospinalis
What is the proximal attachment of the trapezius muscle? correct answers - superior nuchal line
- external occipital protuberance
- nuchal ligament
- spinous processes
- C7-T12
What is the distal attachment of the trapezius muscle? correct answers - lateral third of the
clavicle
- acromion
- spine of scapula
What are the actions of the trapezius muscle? correct answers - elevates scapula
- depresses scapula
- retracts scapula
- rotates scapula
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