Exam (elaborations)
NUR 6111 Adv Nursing Practice 1 Case Study 3 week 3.
- Institution
- William Paterson University
NUR 6111 Adv Nursing Practice 1
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CaseStudy#3A mother takes her 15-month-old son to the pediatrician for the sixth time since his first birthday for
continued cough and wheezing. The mother explains that her child consistently has a runny nose and
cough, pulls at his ears, and occasionally wheezes. She is tired and frustrated after months of sleepless
nights and multiple visits to the doctor for the same symptoms. Her son is underweight, according to the
growth charts. The pediatrician believes that the child suffers from an exaggerated response against
environmental antigens or allergies.
Hypersensitivity reactions that include allergies are classified by the type of the reaction. Allergies are
typically classified as:
1. Type I or IgE-mediated
Answer: These are allergies that are the product of tissue mast cells. They occur very rapidly.
They are environmental antigens that become an allergen to the individual being affected. Some
people have t-cells that are more sensitive to certain allergens. They are environmental antigens.
A major example is pollen. This type of reaction can cause anaphylaxis, hives, and fever.
2. Type II or tissue-specific
Answer: These are reactions due to a specific cell or tissue being targeted. Antibody will bind to
that specific tissue or organ. As a result, lysis may occur and the cell may be destroyed. This can
occur when the wrong blood is transfused. Phagocytosis can also occur, destroying the cells as
result of macrophages
3. Type III or immune complex–mediated
Answer: these are caused by antigen-antibody complexes. An accumulation of these complexes
will cause inflammation and may attract leukocytes.
4. Type IV or cell-mediated
Answer: It is caused by t lymphocytes. It is cell-mediated and not antibody mediated which. This
kind of reaction will take days to develop.
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