Test Bank for Applied Pathophysiology-A Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition (Nath, 2024), Chapter 1-20, All Chapters.
Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology-A Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition (Nath, 9781975179199), Chapter 1-20 | Rationals Included
Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology-A Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition (Nath, 9781975179199), Chapter 1-20 | Rationals Included
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Test Bank - Applied Pathophysiology-A Conceptual Approach,
4th Edition (Nath, 9781975179199), Chapter 1-20 | Rationals
Included
This is the term used to describe the functional impairment of cells, tissues, organs, or organ systems.
- ANSWER: Disease
Sometimes we know the exact cause of a disease. When we do NOT know the exact cause, the
disease is termed: - ANSWER: idiopathic
You are presenting at a conference and are referring to a disease's origination, that is, the initial steps
in its development. You call this its: - ANSWER: pathogenesis
Which of these would be a sign of a disease? - ANSWER: Fever
Which of these would be considered a symptom of a disease? - ANSWER: Malaise (not fever)
This is specific type of condition with a recognizable and predictable pattern or grouping of clinical
manifestations. - ANSWER: syndrome
You are expecting your first child and are told that the child has a 1 in 800 chance of being born with a
congenital anomaly. This statistic refers to the: - ANSWER: incidence
A smoker is being evaluated for lung cancer and it is noted that squamous epithelial cells lining the
trachea have been replaced by columnar cells. This would be an example of: - ANSWER: metaplasia
Apoptosis is the term used to describe expected, programmed cell death. When a cell dies
prematurely, it is referred to as: - ANSWER: necrosis
Which of the following is most likely to occur to your red blood cells when you travel to Colorado and
are in the high altitude and your body recognizes there is less oxygen? - ANSWER: dysplasia
The purpose of inflammation is to: - ANSWER: Promote healing at the site of an injury
Which is a local manifestation of acute inflammation? - ANSWER: Edema
Depth of injury is an important characteristic of burns. Your are in the sun too long without sunscreen
and develop redness and blistering on your face, chest, and back. What depth of burn did you
experience? - ANSWER: Deep, partial-thickness burn
Your patient is diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. What is the most common cause for this condition?
- ANSWER: Excess alcohol intake
Your grandma is told she has rheumatoid arthritis. What is the one definitive diagnostic test for this
condition? - ANSWER: One test is not definitive
At your health screening, you report to the nurse that you are aching, lethargic, and have vague
abdominal discomfort. These are best categorized as: - ANSWER: Symptoms
The attending physician asks you to state the etiology of a disease. You recognize that she is asking for
the: - ANSWER: Cause
, While skiing in Colorado you become short of breath, much more than usual. You realize this is
because your body is not taking in as much oxygen at the higher altitude. What cellular adaptation is
most likely to occur with your red blood cells? - ANSWER: Hyperplasia
Cells adapting to stressors that promote metaplasia: - ANSWER: Change from one cell form to another
The major difference between the acute and chronic inflammatory process is that in chronic
inflammation: - ANSWER: Granulomas form around foreign invaders
Blood vessels widen to allow products of healing to get to the site of injury. This is the: - ANSWER:
vascular response
A patient's laboratory results are returned and you notice that her neutrophil count is elevated. What
does this tell you about the patient? - ANSWER: She has a new infection
The patient experiences an injury, which is referred to as "iatrogenic". What does this mean? -
ANSWER: From medical treatment
Which cellular adaptation would you expect in the respiratory epithelial cells of a patient who is a
heavy smoker? - ANSWER: Metaplasia
You are notified that the patient's erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is elevated. Based just on that
lab test, where is the inflammation located? - ANSWER: Unknown
What is the major difference between acute and chronic inflammation? - ANSWER: Time
The hospitalized burn patient wants to know why you need to remove his dressings every day. It is
painful and he wants to avoid uncovering his burn injury. You explain that removing the dressings
promotes: - ANSWER: Debridement
Which of the following exemplars is NOT related to autoimmunity? - ANSWER: chronic sinusitis
(rheumatoid arthritis, chronic gastritis, Crohn's disease are related to autoimmunity)
White blood cells, including neutrophils, monocytes and macrophages move to the site of injury, so
that pathogens can be destroyed. This is the: - ANSWER: cellular response
A patient's laboratory results are returned and you notice that his monocyte and macrophage count is
elevated. What does this tell you about the patient? - ANSWER: this is a chronic infection
Your neighbor wants to know why a sunburn is such a big deal. It seems to go away in a few days and
leaves him with a great summer tan. You explain: - ANSWER: sunburn impairs your first line of
defense
Which of these conditions follows a Mendelian pattern of autosomal recessive inheritance? -
ANSWER: Sickle cell disease (not Turner syndrome, Huntington disease, diabetes mellitus)
Which is NOT a local manifestation of acute inflammation? - ANSWER: Increased WBC count
(Redness, Edema, Heat are)
A person's phenotype can best be described as: - ANSWER: Traits that are observable or apparent
A physician described the disease as idiopathic. This means that the disease: - ANSWER: Is of
unknown etiology
Cell necrosis is: - ANSWER: Cell death after injury
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