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ABO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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ABO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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ABO BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
- - ANSWER INTRODUCTION
- most important blood group in both transfusion and transplant medicine
- the only blood group system in which individuals already have antibodies in their serum to antigens that
are absent from their red blood cells - ANSWER ABO Blood Group System
- substances recognized by the body as something foreign that can cause/ trigger an immune response
(e.g. bacteria, viruses) - ANSWER Antigens
where Antigens are usually found - ANSWER on the membrane of red blood cells
- are substances produced by the body in response to the antigen (foreign substance) that was detected
by the body.
- Produced when the body is exposed to an antigen. - ANSWER Antibodies
ABO Blood Group system occurs without any prior exposure to red blood cells through ___ and ___ -
ANSWER Through transfusion and/or pregnancy
- Due to the presence of these antibodies, transfusion of an incompatible ABO Blood type may result in
____ of donor red blood cells.
- this produces a very severe, or even fatal, transfusion reaction to the patient - ANSWER immediate
lysis(destruction)
transfusion of the wrong ABO blood group remains the _____ in hemolytic transfusion reaction fatalities
- ANSWER leading cause of death
- - ANSWER HISTORY
, discovered ABO blood group system (1900) - ANSWER Karl Landsteiner
four types of classification of erythrocytes - ANSWER Blood Type A, B, AB, and O
marked the beginning of the concept of individual uniqueness defined by the RBC antigens present on the
RBC membrane - ANSWER discovery of ABO Blood Group System by Karl Landsteiner
- If an agglutinogen (antigen) is present on the red blood cell membrane, the corresponding agglutinin
(antibody) must be absent in the plasma
- If an agglutinogen is absent on the red blood cell membrane, the corresponding agglutinin must be
present in the plasma - ANSWER LANDSTEINER'S LAW
agglutinogen - ANSWER antigen
agglutinin - ANSWER antibody
The interaction between the antigen and antibody results in the _____________. - ANSWER agglutination
or clumping of RBCs.
- Blood groups are names for the antigens present or absent on the surface of the red blood cells. Ex.
Group A individuals have the "A" antigen
- The presence or absence of these antigens depends on an individual's DNA.
- DNA expresses different types of enzymes(transferases). - ANSWER ABO Blood Group Antigens
- Catalyzes a series of reactions in which they transfer sugar units.
- Responsible for the type of antigen expressed on the RBCs - ANSWER Transferases
- ANSWER ABO BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS
A single RBC has about ________ blood group antigens on its cell membrane. - ANSWER 2 million blood
group antigens
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