NSG3100 Exam 2
deficiencies in which nutrients have shown to have significant impact on wound healing - ANSWER-
vitamin C and A
zinc and coppor
give examples of the bony prominences - ANSWER-sacrum
ischium
trochanter
heel
how are wounds with tunneling cared for - ANSWER-packed lightly with gauze or other dressing material
so that they can heal along with the rest of the wound
how do microorganisms escape - ANSWER-emesis
sputum
urine
stool
blood
genital secretions
wound drainage
how does age affect blood pressure - ANSWER-the older the age the higher the blood pressure because
of the loss of elasticity
how does age affect pulse - ANSWER-As age increases, the pulse rate gradually decreases
how does age affect respiratory rate - ANSWER-decreases with age through late adolescence when it
stabilizes
how does age affect temperature - ANSWER-baseline temperature drops as a person ages
how does axillary temperature compare to oral readings - ANSWER-approx 1 degree less than oral
how does axillary temperature compare to rectal - ANSWER-approximately 1 degree less than rectal
how does cardiovascular disease and hematologic disorders affect respiratory rate - ANSWER-increases
how does circadian rhythm affect blood pressure - ANSWER-usually lower in the morning and slightly
higher by late afternoon
how does circadian rhythms affect temperature - ANSWER-lowest at 3am and highest at 6pm
how does diabetes affect wound healing - ANSWER-leads to a thickening of the vessel wall and occlusion
of blood flow with decreased supply of needed nutrients and oxygen
how does exercise affect temperature - ANSWER-temperature increases during exercise
,NSG3100 Exam 2
how does fever affect pulse rate - ANSWER-increases the pulse rate
how does food intake affect blood pressure - ANSWER-Blood pressure increases after eating food.
how does gender affect blood pressure - ANSWER-blood pressure is usually lower in women
how does head injury affect blood pressure - ANSWER-increases blood pressure
how does hormone fluctuations affect temperature - ANSWER-women have higher temperature during
ovulation
how does hypovolemia affect pulse rate - ANSWER-increases the pulse rate
how does hypoxia (low oxygen in the blood) and hypoxemia affect the pulse rate - ANSWER-increases
pulse rate
how does menopause affect blood pressure - ANSWER-increases blood pressure
how does oral contraceptives affect blood pressure - ANSWER-cause an increase in blood pressure
how does pain affect respiratory rate - ANSWER-increases
how does race affect blood pressure - ANSWER-hypertension is more prevalent in African Americans
how does skin play a role in fighting infection - ANSWER-barrier that is impermeable to most infectious
microorganisms
how does smoking affect temperature - ANSWER-causes vasoconstriction which causes a drop in the
temperature of the skin and mucous membranes
how does squamous epithelial cells play a role in fighting infection - ANSWER-helps remove
microorganisms and other infectious agents
how does stress affect temperature - ANSWER-levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine can increase
during emotional and physical stress which increases temperature
how does sweat play a role in fighting infection - ANSWER-its low pH inhibits bacterial growth
how does the anterior hypothalamus regulate heat loss - ANSWER-diaphoresis (sweating) and
vasodilation of blood vessels
how does the flora and low pH of the GI tract prevent infection - ANSWER-prevents the colonization of
pathogenic microorganisms by secreting toxic substances
how does the respiratory system play a role in fighting infection - ANSWER-cilia and mucous move or
trap foreign bodies and decreases the risk for infection
how is hyperventilation exhibited - ANSWER-deep, rapid respirations
how is hypoventilation characterized - ANSWER-shallow respirations
how is the length of a wound measured - ANSWER-vertically from top to bottom (head to toe)
, NSG3100 Exam 2
how is the width of a wound measured - ANSWER-laterally from left to right sides at the widest open
area of the wound
how should a nurse utilize patient-centered care when treating a patient with symptoms of altered body
temperature - ANSWER-provide physical and emotional support
how would a nurse improve pressure tolerance of a patient's skin - ANSWER-ensuring the patient is well
nourished, and that the skin is dry, well padded, and perfused
in a sterile field, how high should the item be dropped to avoid contamination - ANSWER-10 inches
in the Braden and Norton scales, which value represents the greater overall risk - ANSWER-the lower
number the worst
the higher number the best
name two examples of when surgical asepsis is used - ANSWER-dressing changes
wound care
what affect does age have on the inflammatory response - ANSWER-decreased or delayed
what affect does infection have on wound healing - ANSWER-causes a prolongation of the inflammatory
phase
delays collagen synthesis
prevents epithelialization
can lead to additional tissue destruction
what affect does pain medication have on vitals and why - ANSWER-lower blood pressure
lower heart rate
lower respiratory rate
slows the respiratory and cardiovascular system
what affect does ptsd have on blood pressure and heart rate - ANSWER-significantly increased
what affects oral temperaure - ANSWER-eating
drinking
smoking
use of oxygen cannula or mask
what are alginates - ANSWER-similar to foams
made from brown seaweed fibers and are highly absorbent
used in highly exudative wounds
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