What does carbaminohemoglobin refer to? - ANSWER: carbon dioxide attached to an amino group on
the hemoglobin molecule
Approximately what percentage of bound oxygen is released to the cells for metabolism during an
erythrocyte's journey through the circulatory system? - ANSWER: 25%
, The production of yellowish-green, cloudy, thick sputum is often an indication of: - ANSWER: bacterial
infection
What does the term hemoptysis refer to? - ANSWER: bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum
Orthopnea is: - ANSWER: difficulty breathing when lying down
Light bubbly or crackling breathing sounds associated with serous secretions are called: - ANSWER:
rales
Choose the correct information applying to laryngotracheobronchitis: - ANSWER: viral infection in
child, 3 months to 3 years
Signs and symptoms of acute sinusitis usually include: - ANSWER: severe localized pain in the facial
bone and tenderness in the face
What are early signs and symptoms of infectious rhinitis? - ANSWER: serous nasal discharge,
congestion, and sneezing
Why does the influenza virus cause recurrent infection in individuals? - ANSWER: viral mutation
reduces immunity from prior infections
What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis? - ANSWER: sudden fever, sore throat, and
drooling saliva
What is the most common cause of viral pneumonia? - ANSWER: influenza virus
Which of the following describes lobar pneumonia? - ANSWER: sudden onset of fever and chills, with
rales and rusty sputum
How does severe hypoxia develop with pneumonia? - ANSWER: oxygen diffusion is impaired by the
congestion
Rust-colored sputum in a patient with pneumonia usually indicates: - ANSWER: Streptococcus
pneumoniae is the infecting agent
What is the cause of Legionnaries' disease? - ANSWER: a Gram-negative bacterium
Select the statement related to tuberculosis: - ANSWER: TB is usually caused by an acid-fast bacillus,
resistant to many disinfectants.
How is primary tuberculosis identified? - ANSWER: caseation necrosis and formation of a tubercle in
the lungs
When does active (secondary) infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with tissue destruction occur?
- ANSWER: when host resistance is decreased
Which of the following statements does NOT apply to M. tuberculosis? - ANSWER: infection is limited
to the lungs
Which of the following confirms the presence of active (reinfection) tuberculosis? - ANSWER:
identification of acid-fast bacilli in a sputum sample
Areas in the United States that show higher rates than the national rate of TB are areas that have a
high incidence of: - ANSWER: HIV and homelessness
Histoplasmosis is caused by: - ANSWER: fungus
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