Exam (elaborations)
NURS 444 Final Exam Guide With Complete Solution
- Course
- Institution
NURS 444 Final Exam Guide With Complete Solution...
[Show more]
Content preview
NURS 444 Final Exam GuideWith Complete Solution
What is an abortion? - ANSWER loss of fetus before viability or capable of
living outside of the uterus
what is considered a nonviable fetus? - ANSWER fetus <20 weeks or <500
grams
what are the different types of abortions? - ANSWER 1. *spontaneous*: loss
of a woman's pregnancy before the 20th week of pregnancy
2. *threatened*: symptoms are present that indicate a miscarriage is possible
3. *inevitable*: vaginal bleeding with progressive dilation of the cervix, but
no expulsion of conception products
4. *incomplete*: partial loss of the products of conception within the first 20
weeks
5. *missed*: unrecognized intrauterine death of an embryo without expulsion
of the products of conception
about __% of spontaneous abortions are related to vaginal bleeding in the
__trimester - ANSWER 50%; 1st
what is the 1st signs of a threatened abortion? - ANSWER vaginal bleeding
what is done to determine if fetus/embryo is present and alive? - ANSWER
US or quantitative beta-hCG test
What device is used to clear the uterus if the natural process is ineffective or
,incomplete in expulsion of uterine contents? - ANSWER vacuum curettage
if the pregnancy is more advanced or if bleeding is excessive, a ____ and ____
may be needed - ANSWER dilation and curettage (D&C)
what interventions are needed for an incomplete abortion? - ANSWER
-stabilizing woman's CV state
-Fluid replacement & drug administration of Pitocin
-Dilation & evacuation
what is a recurrent spontaneous abortion? - ANSWER 3 or more consecutive
spontaneous abortions
thought to be genetic/chromosomal anomalies, such as incompetent uterus
or bicornuate uterus (has 2 horns)
What is an ectopic pregnancy? - ANSWER Tubal pregnancy, when a fertilized
egg develops outside the uterus *(usually in the fallopian tube)*. High risk
for rupture/hemorrhage and death.
what causes ectopic pregnancies - ANSWER 1. pelvic
infection/inflammation/surgery
2.delayed or premature ovulation
3.Multiple induced abortions
What are clinical manifestations of ectopic pregnancies? - ANSWER 1. missed
menstrual period
2. positive pregnancy test
3. UNILATERAL Abdominal pain
,4. vaginal "spotting"
T or F. If the implantation of an ectopic pregnancy occurs in the proximal end
of the tube, rupture of the tube may occur w/in 2-3 weeks of the missed
period. - ANSWER true
T or F If the implantation occurs in the distal end of the fallopian tube, the
woman will not exhibit any usual signs of early pregnancy. - ANSWER false;
she will exhibit signs of pregnancy but will notice intermittent abdominal
pain/vaginal spotting
how is an ectopic pregnancy diagnosed - ANSWER 1. transvaginal US
(determine presence of gestational sac)
2. beta-hCG test (present but @ lower levels)
what is the therapeutic management of an ectopic pregnancy? - ANSWER
*depends on if tube is intact or ruptured*
-Methotrexate administration (if tube is unruptured) to stop fetal growth in
tube
-Surgery (linear salpingostomy or salpingectomy)
What is the difference between a linear salpingostomy and salpingectomy? -
ANSWER ostomy: removal of ectopic pregnancy with effort to salvage the
tube
ectomy: removal of the tube
nursing considerations for ectopic pregnancies - ANSWER -monitor for sxs of
tubal rupture/bleeding (pelvic, shoulder, or neck pain; increased vag
bleeding)
, -administer RhoGAM for Rh - woman
-Remind woman that any fluids from her are toxic if on methotrexate &
teach s/e of medications
-Provide psychological support (possible tube removal)
what is another term used for gestational trophoblastic disease? - ANSWER
molar pregnancy
What is a gestational trophoblastic disease (molar pregnancy)? - ANSWER
-When trophoblasts develop abnormally and create a hydatidiform mole
-Causes the placenta to not develop normally and death to the fetus
What characterizes gestational trophoblastic disease (molar pregnancies)? -
ANSWER proliferation & edema within the chorionic villi
2 types of molar pregnancies? - ANSWER 1. complete: no fetus, only placenta
develops
2. partial: fetus is present, but has varying degrees of development (usually a
partial fetus)
What is the incidence and etiology of molar pregnancies? - ANSWER
-Common in Asian populations (1 in 120)
-Common in younger maternal age or advanced age (>35 yrs)
-Previous molar pregnancies increases risk by 4-5x
what are clinical manifestations of molar pregnancies? - ANSWER -Higher
levels of beta-hCG than expected
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Smooth. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now