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Med Surg - Upper and Lower Respiratory questions with actual answers.
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Med Surg - Upper and Lower Respiratoryquestions with actual answers.
atelectasis ANS - Collapsed, airless alveoli
Who is at risk for Atelectasis ANS - Bed ridden and postop abdominal and chest surgery patients
How do you prevent atelectasis ANS - Deep breathing exercises, incentive spirometry, early mobility
Pleurisy ANS - Pleuritic pain is a sharp pain that happens with inspiration. Will most likely hear a pleural
rub
Atelectasis manifestation ANS - decreased breath sounds and crackles over the affected area
Atelectasis Nursing Interventions ANS - -Frequent turning
-Early mobilization
-Strategies to expand lungs and manage secretions
-Incentive spirometer
-Voluntary deep breathing
-Secretion management
-Pressurized metered-dose inhaler
Atelectasis Medical Management ANS - improve ventilation, suctioning, deep breathing, coughing,
bronchodilators, and humidification; oxygen
Pleural effusion ANS - caused by fluid in pleural space which causes increased pulmonary pressure and
decreased oncotic pressure
, Pleural effusion manifestations ANS - Dyspnea, chest pain, tachypnea, tracheal deviation, absent lung
sounds and dullness over affected area, tachycardia, and pleural friction rub
Pneumonia ANS - Acute infection of the parenchyma
What are the three ways that organisms reach the lungs ANS - 1. Aspiration of normal flora from
nasopharynx or oropharynx
2. Inhalation of microbes present in air
3. Hematogenous spread from primary infection elsewhere in the body
Pneumonia streptococcal manifestation ANS - Sudden onset of chills, fever, pleuritic chest pain,
tachypnea, respiratory distress
Pneumonia viral manifestation ANS - Headache, low grade fever, pleuritic pain, myalgia, rash and
pharyngitis
Pneumonia: Assessment and Diagnosis ANS - • History
• Physical exam
• Chest x-ray
• Blood culture
• Sputum examination
• Bronchoscopy may be used for acute severe infection
Pneumonia prevention and education ANS - vaccine
community acquired pneumonia (CAP) ANS - acute infection of the lung occurring in patients who have
not been hospitalized or live in a long-term care facility
Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) ANS - occurs 48 hours or longer after hospitalization and not
present at the time of admission (x-ray is used to diagnose)
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