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Med Surg Exam 2 Respiratory questions with 100% correct answers.
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Med Surg Exam 2 Respiratory questionswith 100% correct answers.
Which of the following is part of the respiratory tract? Choose all that apply.
A. Bronchi
B. Pharynx
C. Larynx
D. Sinuses ANS - A. Bronchi
B. Pharynx
C. Larynx
D. Sinuses
Because the pressure of CO2 is higher in the blood vessels than the pressure of CO2 in the lungs, the
CO2 moves from the blood to the lungs.
True
False ANS - True
Which of the following would cause the medulla oblongata to increase the respiratory rate?
A. Too much oxygen in blood stream
B. Too much carbon dioxide in blood stream
C. Decrease in metabolic needs ANS - B. Too much carbon dioxide in blood stream
The functional unit of the respiratory system is _______? ANS - alveoli
,A patient with acute shortness of breath is admitted to the hospital. Which action should the nurse take
during the initial assessment of the patient?
A. Complete a full physical examination to determine the systemic effect of the respiratory distress.
B. Obtain a comprehensive health history to determine the extent of any prior respiratory problems.
C. Delay the physical assessment and ask family members about any history of respiratory problems.
D. Perform a respiratory system assessment and ask specific questions about this episode of respiratory
distress. ANS - D. Perform a respiratory system assessment and ask specific questions about this
episode of respiratory distress.
On auscultation of a patient's lungs, you hear short, high-pitched sounds during exhalation in the lower
1/3 of both lungs. You should record this finding as
A. expiratory crackles at the bases.
B. expiratory wheezes in both lungs.
C. abnormal lung sounds in the bases of both lungs.
D. pleural friction rub in the right and left lower lobes. ANS - B. expiratory wheezes in both lungs.
Wheezes are high-pitched sounds. In this case they are heard during the expiratory phase of the
respiratory cycle. Abnormal breath sounds are either bronchial or bronchovesicular sounds heard in the
peripheral lung fields. Crackles are low-pitched, "bubbling" sounds. Pleural friction rubs are grating
sounds that are usually heard during both inspiration and expiration
You palpate the posterior chest while the patient says "99" and note that no vibration is felt. How
should this be charted?
A. Diminished expansion
B. Dullness to percussion
C. Absent tactile fremitus
D. Decreased breath sounds ANS - C. Absent tactile fremitus
,To assess for tactile fremitus, the nurse should use the palms of the hands to assess for vibration when
the patient repeats a word or phrase such as "99." Different techniques are used to assess for dullness
to percussion, decreased breath sounds, and diminished expansion.
When auscultating a patient's chest while the patient takes a deep breath, you hear loud, high-pitched,
"blowing" sounds at both lung bases. You will document these as
A. normal sounds.
B. vesicular sounds.
C. abnormal sounds
D. adventitious sounds ANS - C. abnormal sounds
The description indicates that you hear bronchial breath sounds that are abnormal when heard at the
lung base. Adventitious sounds are extra breath sounds such as crackles, wheezes, rhonchi, and friction
rubs. Vesicular sounds are low-pitched, soft sounds heard over all lung areas except the major bronchi.
Which of the following respiratory physiological changes occur as a result of aging?
A. Increase elastic recoil
B. Decrease functioning alveoli
C. Increase cough force
D. Increase response to high CO2 level ANS - B. Decrease functioning alveoli
When assessing the respiratory system of a 78-year-old patient, which finding indicates that you should
take immediate action?
A. The chest appears barrel shaped.
B. The patient has a weak cough effort.
C. Crackles are heard from the lung bases to the midline.
D. Hyperresonance is present across both sides of the chest. ANS - C. Crackles are heard from the lung
bases to the midline.
, A patient with complicated deviated septum is hospitalized to have septoplasty. Which of the following
findings must you report
to the surgeon before the surgery?
A. Serum sodium is 134 mEq/L.
B. PT 12 seconds.
C. Serum potassium is 4.8 mEq/L.
D. Platelets counts is 120,000/ L ANS - D. Platelets counts is 120,000/ L
Low platelets= high risk for bleeding (NL 150,000-400,000 per microliter)
After a patient has undergone a septoplasty, which nursing intervention will be included in the plan of
care?
A. Educate the patient about how to safely remove and reapply nasal splint.
B. Reassure the patient that the nose will look normal when the swelling subsides
C. Instruct the patient to keep the head elevated for 48 hours to minimize swelling and pain.
D. Teach the patient to use nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain control. ANS - C.
Instruct the patient to keep the head elevated for 48 hours to minimize swelling and pain.
Maintaining the head in an elevated position will decrease the amount of nasal swelling. NSAIDs
increase the risk for postoperative bleeding and should not be used postoperatively. The patient would
not be taught to remove or reapply nasal packing, which is usually removed by the surgeon on the day
after surgery. Although return to a preinjury appearance is the goal of the surgery, it is not always
possible to achieve this result.
Which action should you take first when a patient develops a nosebleed?
A. Pack both nares tightly with 1/2-inch ribbon gauze.
B. Pinch the lower portion of the nose for 10 minutes.
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