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Exam (elaborations)

NBME CBSE EXAM QUESTIONSBANK 2024/2025 WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS

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  • NBME CBSE
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  • NBME CBSE

Type II pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWERsurfactant (*lecithin*) Proliferate after injury Type I progenitors *Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome* Polio live v killed vaccine - ACCURATE ANSWERKilled = Salk = IgG Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA - can be shed in feces Neonatal Respiratory Distr...

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  • August 15, 2024
  • 273
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NBME CBSE
  • NBME CBSE
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GRADEUNITS
NBME CBSE EXAM QUESTIONSBANK
2024/2025
NBME CBSE EXAM QUESTIONSBANK 2024/2025 WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE
ANSWERS




Type II pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅surfactant (*lecithin*)
Proliferate after injury
Type I progenitors
*Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome*


Polio live v killed vaccine - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Killed = Salk = IgG


Live = Sabin = IgG + IgA
- can be shed in feces


Neonatal Respiratory Distress:
Etiology + Tx - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Maternal DM (*high insulin*)

,or C-section (*low cortisol*)
TX: *dexamethasone* before birth


Lung maturity determined with - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Amniocentesis of
Phospholipids (*type II pneumocytes)
L >> S


Type I pneumocytes - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Squamous gas diffusion


Elastase in lungs - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅macrophage: *lysosomes*
PMN: *azuronphilic granules*


Elastin stretches and recoils due to - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Lysine
interchain crosslinks


air pressure and
intrapleural pressure at FRC - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Air pressure = 0
Intrapleural pressure = -5


Pulm Vasc Resistance is lowest during - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Exhale of
Tidal Volume


Lung Compliance is decreased by - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅LHF, pulmonary
edema,
pulmonary fibrosis


Lung Compliance is increased by - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅emphysema, age

,Obesity affects ERV and FRC - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅DECREASE
ERV & FRC


Blood flow/min (pulmonary v systemic) - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅pulmonary
= systemic


Anatomic pulmonary shunting - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Bronchial
circulation causes
*decreased PO2 in LA/LV*
than in pulmonary capillaries


More ventilation is at the - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅BASE


O2-Hgb dissociation LEFT shift - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅basic, cold, low
2,3 BPG
low pO2 (compensatory erythrocytosis)


O2-Hgb dissociation RIGHT shift - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅low pH, high
2,3BPG, high T
HOT, ACIDIC


CO2 transport to lungs - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅*carbonic anhydrase*
Cl shift
*Haldane*: CO2 released to lung
(*Bohr*: O2 release to tissue)

, CO poisoning causes - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅carboxyhemoglobin
no affect on PaO2


Cyanide poisoning causes - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅lactic acidosis


How to treat cyanide poisoning - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅*Amyl nitrite* -->
Methemoglobin
THEN *Thiosulfate* (hydroxycobalamin)


Normal A-a gradient - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅5-15


Hypoventilation: Heroin OD or high altitude


Increased A-a gradient - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅*Diffusion impairment*
(fibrosis)
*R-L shunt* (aspiration, ARDS)
*V/Q mismatch* (pulmonary edema


AT --> AT II
where and how - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅ACE
(- high in sarcoidosis)
In small pulmonary bV


C5a induces what - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅PMN influx (ie: in lungs)


Korotkoff sound - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅BP cuff - appear and disappear

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