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2024 NUR 2063 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NUR 2063 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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2024 NUR 2063PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 1 WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is etiology - CORRECT ANSWERS-study of causes or reasons for
phenomena. Includes Idiopathic conditions that have an unknown origin or
cause.
What is Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWERS-is the study of what happens
when the normal anatomy and physiology go wrong, causing disorder and
disease process of the human body.
What are 5 P's of compartment syndrome? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Pain
Pallor
Paresthesia
Paralysis
Pulselessness
What is muscular dystrophy? - CORRECT ANSWERS-degeneration of skeletal
muscle. many forms. Abnormality based on the protein of dystrophin. Causes
muscle dysfunction, weakness, muscle loss and inflammation. Fat and
fibrous tissues replace the skeletal muscle fibers and weaken the muscles.
What 4 things does pathophysiology include? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Etiology,
Pathogenesis, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment Implications
What is osteomyelitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-severe pyogenic infection of
bone and local tissues
What can cause osteomyelitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-can be caused by
burns, sinus disease, trauma, tumors, periodontal infection and pressure
ulcers, open fractures, penetration of wounds, surgical contamination or use
of metal screws
What can occur with osteomyelitis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-necrosis
What is osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-common metabolic disease and
occurs when the rate of bone resorption is greater than bone formation. The
,bones end up becoming fragile and light, bone are porous.Can lead to short
stature, muscle wasting, back spasms and difficulty bending.
Which group of people are most affected by osteoporosis? - CORRECT
ANSWERS-women age 60-80 that are caucasian.
What is osteoporosis caused by? - CORRECT ANSWERS-estrogen deficiency,
poor calcium intake and disuse of supplements.
How do we diagnose osteoporosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-bone mineral
density scan
When does rickets occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS-children
When does osteomalacia occur? - CORRECT ANSWERS-adults
What is rickets/osteomalacia? - CORRECT ANSWERS-softening of the bones
due to insufficient calcium and vitamin D. defects in bone building process
What is osteosarcoma? - CORRECT ANSWERS-bone tumor. Is malignant and
grows fast. Can be destructive and pain full (metastatic bone cancer). The
lesions can spread from the bone to other organs as well. Commonly found
at the pelvis, proximal ends of femur, humorous and ribs.
When does one get muscular dystrophy? - CORRECT ANSWERS-it is inherited
What is pathogenesis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-development or evolution of
disease from initial stimulus to the expression of manifestations as time
occurs.
What are clinical manifestations? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Signs and symptoms
of disorder.
What are treatment implications? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Which combine the
etology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations to determine the best
treatment of condition per individual.
What are signs? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Objective or observed manifestations
of disease.
What are symptoms? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Subjective feelings of
abnormality in the body.
What is objective data - CORRECT ANSWERS-What you observe and can
measure.
, What are examples of objective data? - CORRECT ANSWERS-rash, low blood
pressure, bleeding
What is subjective data? - CORRECT ANSWERS-What the patient may report
to you
What are examples of subjective data? - CORRECT ANSWERS-pain scale, they
feel suicidal, fatigued.
What is epidemiology? - CORRECT ANSWERS-study of the patterns of disease
involving populations. Based on the spread and contact of diseases in
people.
What are the levels of disease prevention? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Primary,
Secondary, Tertiary
Explain Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS-"Preventing"; altering
susceptibility or reducing exposure of disease for people.
Examples of Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS-Vaccinations and
Handwashing
Explain Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS-"Screening"; early
detection, screening, and management of disease to catch disease early
before it spreads
Examples of Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS-PAP smears for
STDs, lab work for HBA1C check, mammogram
Explain Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS-"Treating" and preventing
further complications from a disorder or disease after the person has the
condition
Examples of Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWERS-Rehab for hip surgery,
relearning ADL's after amputation, Wound care after stroke to prevent
pressure ulcers.
What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-a state of equilibrium in which
all body systems are in balance and the body is at its most optimal in
functioning. Stable.
What is allostasis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-ability to successfully adapt to
challenges. It is not a balance but an attempt to adapt to achieve
homeostasis. Example: sweating to lower ones body temp.
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