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Test Bank for Gateways to Democracy Chapters 1, 2, & 3 (Enhanced 5th Edition by John G. Geer)
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Test Bank for Gateways to Democracy Chapters 1, 2, & 3 (Enhanced 5th Edition by John G. Geer)
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Test Bank for Gateways to DemocracyChapters 1, 2, & 3 (Enhanced 5th Edition
by John G. Geer)
autocracy - ANSSystem of government in which the power to govern is concentrated in the
hands of one individual ruler.
capitalism - ANSEconomic system in which businesses are key and industries are privately
owned and in which individuals, acting on their own or with others, are free to create business.
checks and balances - ANSGovernment structure in which authority is divided among branches,
with each holding some scrutiny of an control over the other branches.
civic interest - ANSConcern for the well-being of society and the nation as a whole.
civil society - ANSVoluntary organizations that allow communities to flourish.
conservatives - ANSIndividuals who distrust government, believing that private efforts are more
likely to improve people's lives. In the social sphere, conservatives usually support traditional
lifestyles and tend to believe government can play a valuable role in shaping personal choices.
constitutional system - ANSSystem of government in which people set up and agree on the
basic riles and procedures that will govern them.
delegate - ANSIdea of representation that says elected officials should do what the public wants
and not exercise judgement.
democracy - ANSSystem of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people
and exercised by them either directly or indirectly though elected representatives.
direct democracy - ANSForm of democracy in which political power is exercised directly by
citizens.
egalitarianism - ANSBelief in human equality that disdains inherited titles of nobility and even
inherited wealth.
equality - ANSIdea that all individuals are equal in their moral worth and so must be equal in
treatment under the law and have equal access to the decision-making process.
, equality of opportunity - ANSExpectation that citizens may not be discriminated against on
account of race, gender, or national background, and that every citizen should have an equal
chance to success in life.
equality of outcome - ANSExpectation that equality is achieved if results are comparable for all
citizens, regardless if race, gender, or national background, or that such groups are
proportionally represented in measures of success in life.
executive branch - ANSBranch of government that enforces the laws.
faction - ANSDefined by Madison as any group that places its own interests above the
aggregate interests of society.
federalism - ANSSystem of government in which sovereignty is constitutionally divided between
national and state governments.
Founders - ANSThose who were involved in establishing the United States, whether at the time
of the Declaration of Independence or the writing of the Constitution.
Framers - ANSThose who were involved in writing the Constitution.
individualism - ANSSet of beliefs holding that people, and not government, are responsible for
their own well-being.
interest groups - ANSGroup of citizens who share a common interest- a political opinion,
religious or ideological belief, social goal, or economic characteristic- and try to influence public
policy to benefit themselves.
Hamiltonian view - ANSPolitical view of thought: thought elites should govern the nation, wanted
a strong executive, thought a strong national government would unify interests, wanted the US
to be more industrial with a strong military, regarded restrictions on the gateways to influence as
a good thing
Jeffersonian views - ANSPolitical view of thought: wanted fundamental equality, feared a strong
executive, believed in state power, favored an agrarian nation, believed expanding gateways of
influence was a good thing
judicial branch - ANSBranch of government that interprets the laws.
legislative branch - ANSBranch of government that makes the laws.
liberals - ANSIndividuals ho have faith in government to improve people's lives, believing that
private efforts are insufficient. In the social sphere, liberals usually support diverse lifestyles and
tend to oppose any government action that seeks to shape personal choice.
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