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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) Complete Answers

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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) Complete Answers Primary Function of the Lungs 1. Oxygenation of mixed venous blood. 2. Removal of carbon dioxide from mixed venous blood. Integrity Factors for Lung Function The primary function of the lungs depends on the integrity of: 1. Airway 2. Pul...

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  • August 14, 2024
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Pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) Complete Answers


Primary Function of the Lungs

1. Oxygenation of mixed venous blood.

2. Removal of carbon dioxide from mixed venous blood.




Integrity Factors for Lung Function

The primary function of the lungs depends on the integrity of:

1. Airway

2. Pulmonary vasculature

3. Respiratory muscles

4. Respiratory control mechanism




Purpose of PFTs

PFTs help determine:

1. Presence of disease or abnormal lung function.

2. Extent of dysfunction.

3. Extent of impairment/disability.

4. Progression of disease.

5. Nature of physiological disturbance.

6. Effect or course of therapy.

7. Aid in clinical prognosis.

, Common PFTs

Typical pulmonary function tests include:

1. Spirometry: Measures airflow and volumes.

2. Diffusing capacity: Assesses gas exchange capabilities.

3. Body plethysmography: Measures lung volumes and capacity.

4. Bronchial provocation: Test for airway hyperreactivity.

5. Maximal inspiratory/expiratory pressure: Evaluates respiratory muscle strength.

6. Exercise testing: Assesses functional capacity and oxygen uptake.

7. Arterial blood gases: Measures blood oxygen and carbon dioxide levels.




Key Concepts in Lung Function

- Flow/Volume Relationship:

- Peak flow reaches its maximum near total lung capacity.

- As lung volume decreases, resistance increases due to intrathoracic airway narrowing.



- Airflow Dynamics:

- Air flows from higher to lower pressure.

- There is a balance between forces that collapse the airways and those that keep them open.



Key Parameters

- FVC (Forced Vital Capacity): The total amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after taking a deep
breath.

- FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in one second): The volume of air expelled in the first second of a
forced exhalation.

- FEV1:FVC Ratio: The ratio of FEV1 to FVC; used to assess lung function.

- PEFR (Peak Expiratory Flow Rate): The maximum speed of expiration.

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