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DAT BOOTCAMP - FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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DAT BOOTCAMP - FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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DAT BOOTCAMP - FUNDAMENTALS OFBIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
any substance that takes up space and has mass is called _____ - ANSWER matter
matter is composed of what? - ANSWER elements
an _____ has specific chemical and physical properties - ANSWER element
an _____ is the smallest unit of matter that still retains all the chemical properties of an element -
ANSWER atom
can an atom break-down into something smaller, while still retaining the properties of the original
element? - ANSWER no
molecules result whenever _____ atoms join together - ANSWER 2 or more
_____ contain carbon atoms arranged as long chains or rings - ANSWER organic molecules
what atoms does carbon tend to bond with in an organic molecule? - ANSWER hydrogen; oxygen;
nitrogen
_____ are molecules that contain more than one element - ANSWER compounds
(ex: H2O is a molecule/compound)
what are the strong attractive forces that hold atoms within a molecule? - ANSWER intramolecular forces
which type of force exists between molecules? - ANSWER intermolecular forces
,which type of force is weaker... intra- or intermolecular? - ANSWER intermolecular
which type of force (intra-/intermolecular) determines physical properties? - ANSWER intermolecular
_____ are molecules that have the potential of bonding to other identical molecules through chemical
reactions - ANSWER monomers
_____ is the process when monomers bond together, and it forms _____ - ANSWER polymerization;
polymers
_____ are substances that have a large # of monomers bonded together - ANSWER polymers
what are the 3 varieties of carbohydrates? - ANSWER monosaccharides; disaccharides; polysaccharides
monosaccharides have a ratio of precisely _____ to a water molecule, and they have the empirical
formula _____ - ANSWER 1 carbon; (CH2O)n
5 carbon monosaccharides are called _____ - ANSWER pentoses
6 carbon monosaccharides are called _____ - ANSWER hexoses
a sugar molecule is classified as alpha if the OH group points _____ on the first carbon - ANSWER down
a sugar molecule is classified as beta if the OH group points _____ on the first carbon - ANSWER up
ribose is a _____ sugar (monosaccharide) - ANSWER pentose
glucose and fructose are _____ sugars (monosaccharides) - ANSWER hexose
, glucose and fructose are _____ of each other - ANSWER isomers
what type of carbohydrate results when 2 monosaccharides bond together? - ANSWER disaccharide
_____ bring monosaccharides together - ANSWER dehydration/condensation reactions
what reacts with what in a dehydration/condensation reaction? - ANSWER hydroxyl (OH) + hydrogen (H)
what is formed and what is released in a condensation/ dehydration/condensation reaction? - ANSWER
covalent bond formation; release of H2O
what is the opposite of a condensation/hydrolysis reaction - why? - ANSWER hydrolysis reaction; adds
H2O to a covalent bond to split monomers apart
what is the name of the bond that occurs when a carbohydrate bonds to another molecule? - ANSWER
glycosidic
carbohydrates linked to lipids are known as _____ - ANSWER glycolipids
carbohydrates linked to proteins are known as _____ - ANSWER glycoproteins
the disaccharide _____ is table sugar - ANSWER sucrose
which disaccharide contains 1 glucose and 1 fructose? - ANSWER sucrose
which disaccharide contains 1 galactose and 1 glucose? - ANSWER lactose
which disaccharide contains 2 glucoses? - ANSWER maltose
polysaccharides are long polymers of _____ - ANSWER monosaccharides
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