PSY 100- final review UH Manoa Study
Guide with Complete Solutions
def of psychology - ✔️✔️the science of behavior & mental processes
levels of analysis - ✔️✔️the brain> how the brain remembers things
the individual> how a persons personality affects the way they see things
the group> social groups influence thoughts & behaviors
the community/culture> exposes you to different sets of knowledge that affects how you see &
interact w/ people
Structuralism - ✔️✔️goal was to identify basic parts or structures of the conscious mind
Functionalism - ✔️✔️focused on how our mental & behavioral processes function - how they
enable us to adapt, survive, & flourish
Gestalt Psychology - ✔️✔️the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Psychodynamic - ✔️✔️human behavior, feelings, emotions, & how they might relate to early
experiences
Behaviorism - ✔️✔️describe behavior in response to environmental stimuli
correlation research - ✔️✔️describe & predict relationships
-good bc it can determine natural relationships
-bad bc can't determine what caused what
correlation research graphs - ✔️✔️
independent variable - ✔️✔️is intentionally changed
dependent variable - ✔️✔️what changes bc of the IV
confounds - ✔️✔️anything other than the IV that affects the DV
expectancy effect - ✔️✔️Results that occur when a researcher or observer subtly communicates to
participants the kind of behavior he or she expects to find, thereby creating that expected
reaction.
random sampling - ✔️✔️a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an
equal chance of inclusion
convinence sampling - ✔️✔️using data from people who have gotten help on a certain issue
sensory neurons - ✔️✔️neurons that receive information from the external world & convey this
information to the brain via the spinal cord
motor neurons - ✔️✔️neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain & spinal cord to the
muscles & glands
Interneurons - ✔️✔️relay messages from one set of neurons to another
Agonist - ✔️✔️amplifys
Antagonist - ✔️✔️interrupts or blocks
sympathetic nervous system - ✔️✔️fight or flight; increase heart rate, blood pressure, blood flow
parasympathetic nervous system - ✔️✔️rest & digest; lowers heart rate, breathing, blood pressure;
calms body to conserve & maintain energy
4 lobes of the brain - ✔️✔️frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal
frontal lobe - ✔️✔️location: front of brain
functions: planning, memory, speech, emotions
parietal lobe - ✔️✔️location: top rear of brain
functions: attention, spatial location, touch sensations
occipital lobe - ✔️✔️location: back of the head
function: visual processing
right lobe: processes left sensory info
left lobe: processes right sensory info
temporal lobe - ✔️✔️location: in front of ears
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