Texas Government 2306 - Chapters 1 and
2 Test Review
Government - ANS A public institution with authority to formulate, adopt, implement, and
enforce public policies for a society.
Politics - ANS The process of policymaking that involves conflict and cooperation between
political parties and other groups that seek to elect government officials or to influence those
officials when they make public policy.
Public Policy - ANS What government does to or for its citizens to meet a public need or goal
as determined by a legislative body or other authorized officials.
Political Culture - ANS Widely shared attitudes, habits, and general behavior patterns that
develop over time and affect the political life of a state or region.
Moralistic Political Subculture - ANS Emphasizes that government is a public service that
improves the conditions for the people through economic regulation and to advance the public
good in order to create a just society.
Citizens tend to see it as their duty to become active in governmental decision-making by
participating in politics and government.
Favoring and working for progress in conditions facing the majority of society or in government.
Individualistic Political Subculture - ANS Emphasizes the goals, aspirations, and initiative of
private individuals or groups and views government as mostly negative. Seeks to limit
government's size and scope.
Grew out of the focus on individual opportunity, especially in business. Business leaders
advanced this culture, often viewing government as an adversary that used taxes and
regulations to limit their economic freedom.
Elements in Texas are its limited government and excessively restricted powers. Many Texans
view federal government as negative, and trust in their state government more.
Traditionalistic Political Subculture - ANS Emphasizes that government is a vehicle for
maintaining the status quo and its hierarchy.
, Characterized by the dominance of a small, self-perpetuating, paternalistic ruling elite and a
large, compliant nonelite; goal=maintain est. social/economic order.
Often develops one-party systems that tend to strengthen the people who are already powerful.
Frontier Experience - ANS Coping with danger, physical hardships, and economic challenges
tested the endurance of 19th century Texans and contributed to the development of
individualism.
Railroad Commission of Texas - ANS A popularly elected, three-member commission primarily
engaged in regulating natural gas and petroleum production.
NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) - ANS A trade agreement between North
America that reduce tariffs, eliminate trade barriers, create a common market, and increase
trade/investment. Canada, United States, and Mexico can trade more easily.
Texas Water Development Board - ANS A board that conducts statewide water planning as
mandated by state law.
Urbanization - ANS The process by which large numbers of people become permanently
concentrated in relatively small areas, forming cities.
Urban Renewal - ANS The relocation of businesses and people, the demolition of structures,
and the use of eminent domain to take private property for development projects.
Metropolitization - ANS Concentrates large numbers of people in Urban centers that become
linked with suburbs in a single geographic entity.
Eminent Domain - ANS The right of a government or its agent to expropriate private property
for public use, with payment of compensation.
Gentrification - ANS A relocation of middle class or affluent people into deteriorating urban
areas, often displacing low-income residents.
Progressive - ANS Favoring and working for progress in conditions facing the majority of
society or in government.
Right-to-Work Laws - ANS Laws that limit the power of workers to bargain collectively and form
and operate unions, increasing the power of employers relative to their employees.
Redlining - ANS A discriminatory rating system used by federal agencies to evaluate the risks
associated with loans made to borrowers in specific urban neighborhoods. Today, the term also
refers to the same practice among private businesses like banks and real estate companies.
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