NBME Step 1 Rapid Review - Goljan + Pathoma
Latest Update 2024-2025 650 Questions and
100% Verified Correct Answers Actual Exam
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___ accumulation causes cataracts, neuropathy, retinopathy in DM - CORRECT
ANSWER: Sorbitol
___ activates glycogen phosphorylase - CORRECT ANSWER: Glucagon
___ activates glycogen synthase - CORRECT ANSWER: Insulin
___ and ___ enhance Na/K-ATPase; >> hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER: Albuterol,
Insulin
___ and ___ inhibit Na/K-ATPase; >> hyperkalemia - CORRECT ANSWER: B-Blockers,
Succinylcholine
___ and ___ require a carrier protein to cross membrane - CORRECT ANSWER:
Charged molecules and ions
___ cannot exit the mitochondria and must be converted into malate - CORRECT
ANSWER: OAA
___ converts homocysteine to methionine in odd-chain fatty acid metabolism -
CORRECT ANSWER: Cobalamin (B12)
___ deficiency due to alcoholism and INH - CORRECT ANSWER: Pyridoxine (B6)
,___ deficiency due to alcoholism and undernourishment - CORRECT ANSWER:
Thiamine (B1)
___ deficiency due to Hartnup's disease, carcinoid syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER:
Niacin (B3)
___ deficiency due to lack of dairy products or general malnourishment - CORRECT
ANSWER: Riboflavin (B2)
___ deficiency due to pernicious anemia, chronic pancreatitis, vegan diet - CORRECT
ANSWER: Cobalamin (B12)
___ deficiency due to TPN - CORRECT ANSWER: Copper, Chromium, Selenium
___ deficiency: bleeding diathesis, ecchymoses - CORRECT ANSWER: Vitamin K
___ deficiency: decreased reduced glutathione, hemolytic anemia from oxidizing drugs -
CORRECT ANSWER: G6PD
___ deficiency: dental caries - CORRECT ANSWER: Fluoride
___ deficiency: dermatitis, alopecia, glossitis, lactic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER:
Biotin
___ deficiency: dermatitis, slow healing, hair loss - CORRECT ANSWER: Essential fatty
acid deficiency
___ deficiency: diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia - CORRECT ANSWER: Niacin (B3) def =
Pellagra
___ deficiency: glossitis, stomatitis, cheilosis - CORRECT ANSWER: Riboflavin (B2)
,___ deficiency: goiter - CORRECT ANSWER: Iodine
___ deficiency: hemolytic anemia, peripheral neuropathy - CORRECT ANSWER:
Vitamin E
___ deficiency: hypocalcemia, tetany, tachycardia - CORRECT ANSWER: Magnesium
___ deficiency: increased homocysteine, increased urinary methylmalonic acid -
CORRECT ANSWER: Cobalamin (B12)
___ deficiency: lactic acidosis, decreased acetyl CoA, early death - CORRECT
ANSWER: Pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency
___ deficiency: macrocytic anemia, methylmalonic acidemia - CORRECT ANSWER:
Cobalamin (B12)
___ deficiency: mental status changes, convulsion, cerebral edema - CORRECT
ANSWER: Sodium
___ deficiency: microcytic anemia, dissecting aortic aneurysms, poor wound healing -
CORRECT ANSWER: Copper
___ deficiency: muscle weakness, polyuria, U waves - CORRECT ANSWER: Potassium
___ deficiency: muscle weakness, rhabdomyolysis, hemolytic anemia - CORRECT
ANSWER: Phosphate
___ deficiency: night blindness, poor wound healing, follicular hyperkeratosis -
CORRECT ANSWER: Vitamin A (retinol)
, ___ deficiency: poor wound healing, loss of taste and smell - CORRECT ANSWER: Zinc
___ deficiency: sideroblastic anemia, peripheral neuropathy, convulsions - CORRECT
ANSWER: Pyridoxine (B6)
___ deficiency: tetany, osteoporosis - CORRECT ANSWER: Calcium
___ excess: decreased synth of Vit-K coagulation factors - CORRECT ANSWER:
Vitamin E
___ excess: hemolytic anemia, jaundice in newborns - CORRECT ANSWER: Vitamin K
___ excess: hypercalcemia, renal calculi - CORRECT ANSWER: Vitamin D
___ excess: increase intracranial pressure, liver toxicity, bone pain - CORRECT
ANSWER: Vitamin A (retinol)
___ excess: ringed sideroblasts - CORRECT ANSWER: Iron overload
___ excess: T-waves - CORRECT ANSWER: Potassium
___ excess: Wilson's Disease - CORRECT ANSWER: Copper
___ excess/poisoning: hemorrhagic gastritis, liver necrosis - CORRECT ANSWER: Iron
___ fatty acids contain one or more double bonds - CORRECT ANSWER: Unsaturated
___ fatty acids lack double bonds - CORRECT ANSWER: Saturated
